Skip to main content

Havelok the Dane

Herkneth to me, gode men — Wives, maydnes, and alle men — Of a tale that ich you wile telle, Wo so it wile here and therto dwelle.Whoever wait line5The tale is of Havelok imaked: Whil he was litel, he yede ful naked.went around poorly dressed Havelok was a ful god gomea decent guy He was ful god in everi trome;company He was the wicteste man at nedebravest in time of need line10That thurte riden on ani stede.might ride steed That ye mowen now yhere,may hear And the tale you mowen ylere,may learn At the biginnig of ure tale,our Fil me a cuppe of ful god ale; line15And wile drinken, her I spelle,tell a story That Crist us shilde alle fro helle.shield Krist late us hevere so for to dolet ever That we moten comen Him to;may And, witthat it mote ben so,in order that might line20Benedicamus Domino! Let us bless the Lord Here I schal biginnen a rym;rhyme Krist us yeve wel god fyn!good end The rym is maked of Havelokmade A stalworthi man in a flok.strong band line25He was the stalwortheste man at nede That may riden on ani stede.

It was a king bi are dawes,in earlier days That in his time were gode lawes He dede maken and ful wel holden; line30Hym lovede yung, him lovede holdeYoung and old loved him Erl and barun, dreng and thayn, vassal retainer Knict, bondeman, and swain,Knight, peasant commoner Wydues, maydnes, prestes and clerkes,widows clerics And al for hise gode werkes.good line35He lovede God with al his micth,might And Holy Kirke, and soth ant ricth.Church truth and justice Ricthwise men he lovede alle,Just And overal made hem for to calle.summoned them Wreieres and wrobberes made he falleTraitors informers line40And hated hem so man doth galle;as bitter drink Utlawes and theves made he bynde,Outlaws Alle that he micte fynde, And heye hengen on galwe-trehigh gallows For hem ne yede gold ne fee!took [as a bribe] line45In that time a man that bore Wel fifty pund, I wot, or more, I suppose Of red gold upon hiis bac, In a male with or blac, pouch white or black Ne funde he non that him misseyde, line50Ne with ivele on hond leyde.evil laid on a hand Thanne micthe chapmen faremerchants travel Thuruth Englond wit here ware,Throughout with their And baldelike beye and sellen,boldly buy Overal ther he wilen dwellen — line55In gode burwes and therframtowns from there Ne funden he non that dede hem sham,who caused them shame That he ne weren sone to sorwe brouth,they were not soon brought And pouere maked and browt to nouth.made poor nothing Thanne was Engelond at hayseease line60Michel was swich a king to preyseMuch praise That held so Englond in grith!peace Krist of hevene was him with — He was Engelondes blome.flower Was non so bold louerd to Rome lord [as far as] line65That durste upon his bringhe his [people] bring Hunger ne here — wicke thinghe.invasion Hwan he fellede hise foos,When he conquered his enemies He made hem lurken and crepen in wroscorners The hidden hem alle and helden hem stille,They themselves line70And diden al his herte wille. Ricth he lovede of alle thingeRight (Justice) more than all things To wronge micht him noman bringe, Ne for silver ne for gold, So was he his soule hold. loyal line75To the faderles was he ratha help Wo so dede hem wrong or lath,Whoever harm Were it clerc or were it knicth,knight He dede hem sone to haven ricth; And wo dide widuen wrong, whoever widows line80Were he nevre knicth so strong, That he ne made him sone kestencast In feteres and ful faste festen;fasten tightly And wo so dide maydne shame Of hire bodi or brouth in blame,brought line85Bute it were bi hire wille, Unless He made him sone of limes spille. lose limbs He was the beste knith at nede That hevere micthe riden on stede,ever Or wepne wagge or folc ut lede; wield company line90Of knith ne havede he nevere drede, That he ne sprong forth so sparke of glede,spark from coal And lete him knawe of hise hand dede, Hu he couthe with wepne spede; And other he refte him hors or wede, clothing line95Or made him sone handes sprede And “Louerd, merci!” loude grede.Lord cried He was large and no wicth gnede.generous not at all stingy Havede he non so god bredegood Ne on his bord non so god shrede,shred (morsel) line100That he ne wolde thorwit fede Poure that on fote yede,The poor who went Forto haven of Him the medereward That for us wolde on Rode blede —Cross Crist, that al kan wisse and redeguide advise line105That evere woneth in any thede.dwelt country

The king was hoten Athelwold.called Of word, of wepne, he was bold. In Engeland was nevre knicth That betere held the lond to ricth.justly line110Of his bodi ne havede he eyrno heir Bute a mayden swithe fayr,Except for very fair That was so yung that sho ne coutheedid not know how to Gon on fote ne speke wit mouthe.Walk talk Than him tok an ivel strong,violent illness line115That he wel wiste and underfongknew realized That his deth was comen him on And saide, “Crist, wat shal I don?what Louerd, wat shal me to rede?what do You advise I wot ful wel ich have mi mede.reward line120Hw shal now my douhter fare? How Of hire have ich michel kare;much Sho is mikel in my thouththoughts Of meself is me rith nowt.I think not of myself No selcouth is thou me be wo:wonder line125Sho ne can speke ne sho kan go. Yif scho couthe on horse ride,knew how to And a thousande men bi hire syde, And sho were comen intil heldeto a proper age And Engelond sho couthe welde,rule line130And don hem of thar hire were queme,pleasing And hire bodi couthe yeme,take care of Ne wolde me nevere ivele like,Neither not please me Ne though ich were in heveneriche.”heaven’s realm

Quanne he havede this pleinte maked,When made complaint line135Therafter stronglike quaked. strongly [he] He sende writes sone ononwrits (notices) very soon After his erles evereichon; For everyone And after hise baruns, riche and poure, Fro Rokesburw al into Dovere,Roxburgh line140That he shulden comen swithethey quickly Til him, that was ful unblithe,To ill To that stede ther he lay place where In harde bondes nicth and day.restraints night He was so faste wit yvel festfastened fastenings line145That he ne mouthe haven no rest,might not He ne mouthe no mete hete,food eat Ne he ne mouchte no lythe gete,comfort Ne non of his ivel that couthe red — Of him ne was nouth buten ded.almost dead

line150Alle that the writes herdenEveryone who Sorful and sori til him ferden;went to him He wrungen hondes and wepen soreThey wept bitterly And yerne preyden Cristes horeearnestly ore (grace) That He wolde turnen him line155Ut of that yvel that was so grim. Thanne he weren comen allethey Bifor the king into the halle, At Winchestre ther he lay,where he “Welcome,” he sayde, “be ye ay!always line160Ful michel thank kan I you Very much That ye aren comen to me now.”

Quanne he weren alle set,When they And the king aveden igret,had greeted He greten and gouleden and gouven hem ille,They mourned howled lamented line165And he bad hem alle been stillequiet And seyde that greting helpeth nouth,weeping not “For al to dede am ich brouth.death brought Bute now ye sen that I shal deye, Now ich wille you alle preyebeseech line170Of mi douther, that shal beFor my daughter Yure levedi after me,[sovereign] lady Wo may yemen hire so longe,Who protect Bothen hire and Engelonde, Til that she be wman of helde grown woman line175And that she mowe hir yemen and welde?”take care of and help He answereden and seyden anon,They quickly Bi Crist and bi Seint Jon, That th erl Godrigh of Cornwayle Was trewe man wituten faile, line180Wis man of red, wis man of dede,advice And men haveden of him mikel dredegreat fear “He may hire altherbest yeme,best protect Til that she mowe wel ben quene.”

The king was payed of that rede.pleased with advice line185A wol fair cloth bringen he dede, And thereon leyde the messebok,missal The caliz, and the pateyn ok,chalice paten also The corporaus, the messe-gere. communion cloth implements of Mass Theron he garte the erl sweremade line190That he sholde yemen hire wel,protect Withuten lac, wituten tel,fail reproach Til that she were twelf winter holdold And of speche were bold, And that she couthe of curteysye, line195Gon and speken of lovedrurye,courtship And til that she loven muthemight Wom so hire to gode thoucte;Whomsoever seemed And that he shulde hire yevegive The beste man that micthe live —noblest line200The beste, fayreste, the strangest ok;strongest also That dede he him sweren on the bok, And thanne shulde he Engelond Al bitechen into hire hond.entrust

Quanne that was sworn on his wise,When in this way line205The king dede the mayden arise,compelled And the erl hire bitaucteentrusted her to And al the lond he evere awcteowned Engelonde, everi delpart And preide he shulde yeme hire wel.govern her

line210The king ne moucte don no more,might do But yerne preyede Godes ore,earnestly grace And dede him hoslen wel and shrive,himself received the sacrament I wot fif hundred sithes and five,I think five And ofte dede him sore swingebeat himself hard line215And wit hondes smerte dingepainfully strike himself So that the blod ran of his fleys,from flesh That tendre was and swithe neys. so soft He made his quiste swithe welbequest (will) very And sone gaf it everil del.affirmed line220Wan it was goven, ne micte men findegiven So mikel men micte him in winde, Of his in arke ne in chiste, coffer chest In Engelond, that noman wiste;knew For al was yoven, faire and wel,disposed of line225That him was leved no catel.left possession

Thanne he havede been ofte swngen, beaten Ofte shriven and ofte dungen,confessed beaten In manus tuas, Louerde,” he seyde,Into your hands, Lord Her that he the speche leyde,Here (then at this moment) lay aside line230To Jesu Crist bigan to calle And deyede biforn his heymen alle.died noblemen Than he was ded, there micte men seWhen The meste sorwe that micte be:greatest Ther was sobbing, siking, and sor,sighing grief line235Handes wringing and drawing bi hor.pulling out hair Alle greten swithe sore,wept very hard Riche and poure that there wore,were there And mikel sorwe haveden alle — Levedyes in boure, knictes in halle. Ladies bower line240Quan that sorwe was somdel latenWhen somewhat relieved And he haveden longe graten,they wept Belles deden he sone ringen, Monkes and prestes messe singen;mass And sauteres deden he manie reden,psalters (psalm books) line245That God self shulde his soule leden Into hevene biforn his Sone, And ther wituten hende wone.[his soul] should dwell Than he was to the erthe brouth,buried The riche erl ne foryat nouthforgot not line250That he ne dede al Engelond Sone sayse intil his hond,seize And in the castels leth he dohe placed The knictes he mighte tristen to,trust in And alle the Englis dede he swerehe made to swear line255That he shulden him ghod fey beren:they good faith He yaf alle men that god thoucte, whatever seemed good Liven and deyen til that him moucte, Til that the kinges dowter worewould be Twenti winter hold and more.old

line260Thanne he havede taken this othWhen Of erles, baruns, lef and loth,dear displeasing Of knictes, cherles, fre and thewe,commoners in service Justises dede he maken newe Al Engelond to faren thorwtravel through line265Fro Dovere into Rokesborw. Schireves he sette, bedels, and greyves, Sheriffs beadles reeves Grith sergeans with longe gleyves,Peacekeepers lances To yemen wilde wodes and pathesprotect Fro wicke men that wolde don scathes, harm line270And forto haven alle at his cri,beck and call At his wille, at hise merci, That non durste ben him ageynagainst him Erl ne barun, knict ne sweyn.commoner Wislike for soth was him welAssuredly line275Of folc, of wepne, of catel:possessions Sothlike, in a lite thraweTruly while Al Engelond of him stod awein awe Al Engelond was of him adrad,afraid So his the beste fro the gad.As is beast prod

line280The kinges douther bigan thrive And wex the fairest wman on live.grew into alive Of alle thewes was she wis manners That gode weren and of pris.worth The mayden Goldeboru was hoten;called line285For hire was mani a ter igroten. tear wept

Quanne the Erl Godrich him herde himself Of that mayden — hw wel she ferde, how fared Hw wis sho was, hw chaste, hw fayr,how wise she was And that sho was the rithe eyrrightful heir line290Of Engelond, of al the rike;kingdom Tho bigan Godrich to sike,sigh And seyde, “Wether she sholde beWhether Quen and levedi over me?Queen lady Hwether sho sholde al EngelondWhether line295And me and mine haven in hire hond? Datheit hwo it hire thave!Curses to whomever tolerates (permits) Shal sho it nevere more have. Sholde ic yeve a fol, a therne,I fool serving girl Engelond, thou sho it yerne?rules line300Datheit hwo it hire yeveCurses on whomever Evere more hwil I live!while She is waxen al to prud,grown proud For gode metes and noble shrud,food clothes That hic have yoven hire to offte;I given too often line305Hic have yemed hire to softe.I guarded Shal it nouth ben als sho thenkes:It shall not be Hope maketh fol man ofte blenkes.foolish blind Ich have a sone, a ful fayr knave; He shal Engelond al have! line310He shal king, he shal ben sire, So brouke I evere mi blake swire!” use pale neck Hwan this trayson was al thouth,When treason expressed Of his oth ne was him nouth. He let his oth al overga. line315Therof he yaf he nouth a stra,straw Bute sone dede hire fete,ordered her to be brought Er he wolde heten ani mete, Before eat Fro Winchestre ther sho was,where Also a wicke traytur Judas,As line320And dede leden hire to Dovre,ordered her to be led That standeth on the seis oure,seashore And therhinne dede hire fede keep Pourelike in feble wede.Poorly wretched rags The castel dede he yemen soguard line325That non ne micte comen hire to Of hire frend, with to speken, That hevere micte hire bale wreken.ever might avenge her wrong

Of Goldeboru shul we now laten,leave off That nouth ne blinneth forto gratenwithout ceasing moans line330Ther sho liggeth in prisoun.Where lies Jesu Crist, that Lazarunwho To live broucte fro dede bondes,bonds of death He lese hire wit Hise hondes!May He loose her And leve sho mote him ysepermit him (Godrich) see line335Heye hangen on galwe tregallows That hire haved in sorwe brouth, So as sho ne misdede nouth.Although did no wrong

Say we now forth in hure spelle!our story In that time, so it bifelle, line340Was in the lond of Denemark A riche king and swythe stark.strong The name of him was Birkabeyn; He havede mani knict and sweyn;knights attendants He was fayr man and wict,bold line345Of bodi he was the beste knicth That evere micte leden uth here,command an army Or stede on ride or handlen spere.ride a horse Thre children he havede bi his wif — He hem lovede so his lif.as much as line350He havede a sone, douhtres two,daughters Swithe fayre, as fel it so.as it happened He that wile non forbere, Riche ne poure, king ne kaysere, caesar Deth him tok than he best wolde when line355Liven, but hyse dayes were fulde,fulfilled (ended) That he ne moucte no more live,might not For gold ne silver ne for no gyve.gift

Hwan he that wiste, rathe he sendeWhen knew, quickly After prestes, fer an hendefar and near line360Chanounes gode and monkes bothe, Canons Him for to wisse and to rede, counsel advice Him for to hoslen an for to shrive,confess absolve Hwil his bodi were on live.While alive

Hwan he was hosled and shriven,When given the sacrament line365His quiste maked and for him gyven,bequest (will) Hise knictes dede he alle site, For thoru hem he wolde witethrough know Hwo micte yeme his children yungeWho might look after Til that he kouthen speken wit tunge,they knew how to line370Speken and gangen, on horse riden,walk Knictes and sweynes by here siden.attendants at their sides He spoken theroffe and chosen sone A riche man that under mone, moon Was the trewest, that he wendethought line375Godard, the kinges owne frendefriend And seyden he moucthe hem best loke Yif that he hem undertoke, Til hise sone mouthe beremight bear Helm on heved and leden ut here,Helmet head command an army line380In his hand a spere stark,strong And king been maked of Denemark. He wel trowede that he seyde,believed what And on Godard handes leyde;laid hands And seyde, “Here biteche I theeentrust to line385Mine children alle thre, Al Denemark and al mi fe,property Til that mi sone of helde be,be of age But that ich wille that thou swereExcept that want On auter and on messe gere,altar vestments line390On the belles that men ringes, On messe bok the prest on singes,missal That thou mine children shalt wel yeme, protect That hire kin be ful wel queme, their kin approved Til mi sone mowe ben knicth. line395Thanne biteche him tho his ricth:then his rights Denemark and that ther til longesbelongs to it Casteles and tunes, wodes and wonges.”towns fields

Godard stirt up and swor al that The king him bad, and sithen satcommanded afterwards line400Bi the knictes that ther ware, That wepen alle swithe sarevery sorrowfully For the king that deide sone.died soon Jesu Crist, that makede monemoon On the mirke nith to shine,dark night line405Wite his soule fro helle pine;Protect hell’s pain And leve that it mote wonepermit live In heveneriche with Godes Sone!heaven

Hwan Birkabeyn was leyd in grave, The erl dede sone take the knave,boy line410Havelok, that was the eir, heir Swanborow, his sister, Helfled, the tother,other And in the castel dede he hem do,he had them placed Ther non ne micte hem comen to Of here kyn, ther thei sperd were.were kept line415Ther he greten ofte sorethey wept miserably Bothe for hunger and for kold, Or he weren thre winter hold.Before three years old Feblelike he gaf hem clothes;wretched clothes He ne yaf a note of hise othes —nut line420He hem clothede rith ne fedde, Ne hem ne dede richelike bebedde.regal bedding Thanne Godard was sikerlikesurely Under God the moste swikegreatest traitor That evre in erthe shaped was.created line425Withuten on, the wike Judas. Except for wicked Have he the malisun todaycurses Of alle that evre speken may — Of patriark and of pope,patriarch And of prest with loken kope,fastened cloak line430Of monekes and hermites bothe, And of the leve Holi Rodebeloved Holy Cross That God himselve ran on blode!bled upon Crist warie him with His mouth!curse Waried wrthe he of north and suth,Cursed be line435Offe alle men that speken kunne,can Of Crist that made mone and sunne! Thanne he havede of al the londNevertheless he (Godard) Al the folk tilled intil his hond,subdued And alle haveden sworen him oth, line440Riche and poure, lef and loth,dear loathsome That he sholden hise wille fremecarry out And that he shulde him nouth greme,not trouble He thouthe a ful strong trechery,designed A trayson and a felony, line445Of the children for to make —Against The devel of helle him sone take!

Hwan that was thouth, onon he ferdeWhen expressed went To the tour ther he woren sperde,tower they were kept Ther he greten for hunger and cold.they wept line450The knave, that was sumdel bold,boy (Havelok) somewhat Kam him ageyn, on knes him sette,Came towards him And Godard ful feyre he ther grette.greeted And Godard seyde, “Wat is yw?What is the matter Hwi grete ye and goulen now?”Why weep yowl line455“For us hungreth swithe sore”badly Seyden he, “we wolden more: We ne have to hete, ne we ne havehave nothing eat Her inne neyther knith ne knaveknight servant That yeveth us drinke ne no mete,gives food line460Halvendel that we moun ete —Half the amount could Wo is us that we weren born!Woe Weilawei! nis it no kornAlas! is not there any grain That men micte maken of bred?make bread from Us hungreth — we aren ney ded!”nearly line465Godard herde here wa,their woe Ther-offe yaf he nouth a stra,gave straw But tok the maydnes bothe samen,together Al so it were up on hiis gamen,As if for fun Al so he wolde with hem leykeplay line470That weren for hunger grene and bleike.green pale Of bothen he karf on two here throtes,cut their throats And sithen hem al to grotes.then pieces Ther was sorwe, wo-so it sawe, Hwan the children by the wawewall line475Leyen and sprawleden in the blod. Havelok it saw and therbi stod stood by Ful sori was that sely knave.innocent Mikel dred he mouthe have,Much might For at hise herte he saw a knif line480For to reven him hise lyf.rob But the knave, that litel was,boy who He knelede bifor that Judas, And seyde, “Louerd, mercy now!Lord Manrede, louerd, biddi you: Homage I offer line485Al Denemark I wile you yeve,give To that forward thu late me live.On the condition you let me live Here hi wile on boke swereI will That nevremore ne shal I bere Ayen thee, louerd, sheld ne spere, Against shield line490Ne other wepne that may you dere.harm Louerd, have merci of me! Today I wile fro Denemark fle, Ne neveremore comen agheyn! Sweren I wole that Bircabein line495Nevere yete me ne gat.”fathered Hwan the devel herde that, [Godard] heard Sumdel bigan him for to rewe;Somewhat have pity Withdrow the knif, that was lewewarm Of the seli children blod.innocent line500Ther was miracle fair and godgood That he the knave nouth ne slou,killed But for rewnesse him witdrow pity withdrew Of Avelok rewede him ful sore,Havelok And thoucte he wolde that he ded wore,thought he [Godard] wished were dead line505But on that he nouth wit his hendwould not with his [own] hand Ne drepe him nouth, that fule fend!kill evil demon Thoucte he als he him bi stod,stood by Starinde als he were wod,Staring crazy “Yif I late him lives go,alive line510He micte me wirchen michel wo —cause Grith ne get I neveremo;Peace He may me waiten for to slo.kill And if he were brouct of live,killed And mine children wolden thrive, line515Louerdinges after meLords Of al Denemark micten he be.they God it wite, he shal ben ded — Wile I taken non other red!advice I shal do casten him in the she,order sea line520Ther I wile that he drench be,drowned Abouten his hals an anker god,neck anchor Thad he ne flete in the flod.”That float Ther anon he dede sendeat once After a fishere that he wendefisherman thought line525That wolde al his wille do, And sone anon he seyde him to: Grim, thou wost thu art my thral;know servant Wilte don my wille alWill you That I wile bidden thee? line530Tomorwen shal maken thee fre,[I] make you And aucte thee yeven and riche make,property Withthan thu wilt this child takeProvided that And leden him with thee tonicht,you tonight Than thou sest the monelith,When moonlight line535Into the se and don him therinne.throw Al wile I taken on me the sinne.” Grim tok the child and bond him faste, Hwil the bondes micte laste,While That weren of ful strong line. line540Tho was Havelok in ful strong pinepain Wiste he nevere her wat was wo!Knew he never before Jhesu Crist, that makede go The halte and the doumbe speken,lame dumb Havelok, thee of Godard wreke!take revenge line545Hwan Grim him havede faste bounden,When tightly bound And sithen in an eld cloth wnden, then wound He thriste in his muth wel fastethrust A kevel of clutes ful unwraste,gag rags filthy That he mouthe speke ne fnaste,breathe line550Hwere he wolde him bere or lede.Wherever Hwan he havede don that dede,When Hwat the swike him havede he yede What villain told him he heeded That he shulde him forth lede And him drinchen in the se —drown line555That forwarde makeden heagreement they In a poke, ful and blac,bag big pale Sone he caste him on his bac, Ant bar him hom to hise cleve,And hut And bitaucte him Dame Leveentrusted him to line560And seyde, “Wite thou this knave,Guard Al so thou wit mi lif save! I shal dreinchen him in the se;drown For him shole we ben maked fre, Gold haven ynow and other fe:enough possessions line565That havet mi louerd bihoten me.”lord promised

Hwan Dame Leve herde that, When Up she stirte and nouth ne sat,jumped did not sit And caste the knave so harde adoundown That he crakede ther his croune line570Ageyn a gret ston ther it lay. Tho Havelok micte sei, “Weilawei,Alas That evere was I kinges bernson That him ne havede grip or ern,vulture eagle Leoun or wlf, wlvine or bere,Lion wolf she-wolf bear line575Or other best that wolde him dere!”beast harm So lay that child to middel nicth,until midnight That Grim bad Leve bringen lict,When light For to don on his clothes:put on “Ne thenkestu nowt of mine othesAre not you thinking line580That ich have mi louerd sworen?sworn to my lord Ne wile I nouth be forloren.disgraced I shal beren him to the se — Thou wost that hoves meknow behooves And I shal drenchen him therinne; line585Ris up swithe an go thu binne,at once inside And blow the fir and lith a kandel.”stoke fire light Als she shulde hise clothes handel On for to don and blawe the fir, She saw therinne a lith ful shir,bright line590Al so brith so it were day,as if Aboute the knave ther he lay.Surrounding Of hise mouth it stod a stema ray emerged Als it were a sunnebem;sunbeam Al so lith was it therinneJust as light line595So ther brenden cerges inne. As if burned candles Jesu Crist!” wat Dame Leve,exclaimed “Hwat is that lith in ure cleve?our hut Ris up, Grim, and loke wat it menes! Hwat is the lith, as thou wenes?”think line600He stirten bothe up to the knavejumped For man shal god wille have, Unkeveleden him and swithe unbounden,Ungagged quickly And sone anon him funden,very quickly Als he tirveden of his serk,pulled off shirt line605On hise rith shuldre a kynmerk, king’s birthmark A swithe brith, a swithe fair.bright “Goddot!” quath Grim, “this ure eir,God knows said heir That shal louerd of Denemark![be] lord He shal ben king, strong and stark;mighty line610He shal haven in his hand Al Denemark and Engeland. He shal do Godard ful wo; He shal him hangen or quik flo,flay alive Or he shal him al quic grave.bury alive line615Of him shal he no merci have.” Thus seide Grim and sore gret,greatly wept And sone fel him to the fet,[Havelok’s] feet And seide, “Louerd, have mercy Of me and Leve, that is me bi!next to me line620Louerd, we aren bothe thine — Thine cherles, thine hine.rustics servants Louerd, we sholen thee wel fedekeep Til that thu cone riden on stede,Until know how to Til that thu cone ful wel bere line625Helm on heved, sheld and spere.head He ne shall nevere wite, sikerlike,know, surely Godard, that fule swike.foul traitor Thoru other man, louerd, than thoru theeThrough Shal I nevere freman be. line630Thou shalt me, louerd, fre maken, For I shal yemen thee and wakenprotect and watch over you Thoru thee wile I fredom have.” Tho was Haveloc a blithe knave!happy boy He sat him up and cravede bred,asked for bread line635And seide, “Ich am ney ded,nearly Hwat for hunger, wat for bondesWhat ropes That thu leidest on min hondes, And for kevel at the laste,[the] gag That in my mouth was thrist faste.firmly thrust line640I was ther with so harde prangledtied up That I was ther with ney strangled!”nearly “Wel is me that thou mayth hete!eat Goddoth!” quath Leve, “I shal thee feteGod knows fetch Bred an chese, butere and milk, line645Pastees and flaunes — al with swilksuch things Shole we sone thee wel fede, Louerd, in this mikel nede. Soth it is that men seyt and swereth:True ‘Ther God wile helpen, nouth ne dereth.’”Where nothing works injury

line650Thanne sho havede brouth the mete, Haveloc anon bigan to ete Grundlike, and was ful blithe.Heartily Couthe he nouth his hunger mithe.Could hide A lof he het, I woth, and more,ate believe line655For him hungrede swithe sore. Thre dayes ther biforn, I wene,before that time believe Et he no mete — that was wel sene! Hwan he havede eten and was fed,When Grim dede maken a ful fayr bed, line660Unclothede him and dede him therinne,put And seyde, “Slep, sone, with muchel winne!great joy Slep wel faste and dred thee nouthfear not Fro sorwe to joie art thu brouth.” Sone so it was lith of day,As soon as light line665Grim it undertok the wey To the wicke traitour Godardwicked That was of Denemark a stiward overseer And saide, “Louerd, don ich have That thou me bede of the knave: line670He is drenched in the flod, Abouten his hals an anker god —neck He is witerlike ded.surely Eteth he nevremore bred:He will never eat He lith drenched in the se.lies line675Yif me gold and other fe, Give possessions That I mowe riche be, And with thi chartre make fre; For thu ful wel bihetet mepromised Thanne I last spak with thee.”When line680Godard stod and lokede on him Thoruthlike, with eyne grim,Thoroughly eyes And seyde, “Wiltu ben erl?Do you want to Go hom swithe, fule drit-cherl;base slave Go hethen and be everemorehence line685Thral and cherl als thou er wore —before Shaltu have non other mede; You shall have reward For litel I do thee ledeslight provocation To the galwes, so God me rede!so help me God For thou haves don a wicke dede. line690Thou mait stonden her to longe,too Bute thou swithe hethen gonge!”quickly go hence

Grim thoucte to late that he rantoo Fro that traytour, that wicke man, And thoucte, “Wat shal me to rede?How shall I be advised line695Wite he him on live he wile bethe [If] he knows [Havelok is] alive both Heye hangen on galwe tre. Betere us is of londe to fle,for us out of And berwen bothen ure lives,save our And mine children and mine wives.”my wife’s [life] line700Grim solde sone al his corn,grain Shep with wolle, neth with horn,wool, cattle Hors and swin, geet with berd, goats beard The gees, the hennes of the yerd —hens Al he solde that outh douthe,was worth anything line705That he evre selle moucte;might And al he to the peni drou.converted to cash Hise ship he greythede wel inow;supplied enough He dede it tere an ful wel piketar pitch That it ne doutede sond ne krike; uncertain sound creak line710Therinne dide a ful god mast,installed Stronge kables and ful fast, Ores gode an ful god seyl —Oars Therinne wantede nouth a nayl,was needed That evere he sholde therinne do.put line715Hwan he havedet greythed so,had it prepared Havelok the yunge he dede therinne,put Him and his wif, hise sones thrinne,three And hise two doutres that faire wore.daughters were And sone dede he leyn in an ore,began to steer line720And drou him to the heye see,headed for There he mith altherbeste fle.best of all Fro londe woren he bote a mile,they were Ne were it nevere but ane hwilea short while That it ne bigan a wind to rise line725Out of the north men calleth “bise,” And drof hem intil Engelond,them That al was sithen in his hond,later his [Havelok’s] His, that Havelok was the name; But or he havede michel shame,But first much line730Michel sorwe and michel tene,grief And yete he gat it al bidene;completely Als ye shulen now forthward lere, forthwith learn Yf that ye wilen therto here.

In Humber Grim bigan to lende,land line735In Lindeseye, rith at the north ende. Lincolnshire Ther sat his ship upon the sond;i.e., fishing boat But Grim it drou up to the lond; And there he made a litel cotecottage To him and to hise flote.For company line740Bigan he there for to erthe,live A litel hus to maken of erthe, So that he wel thore werethere Of here herboru herborwed there.shelter sheltered And for that Grim that place aute,owned line745The stede of Grim the name laute, place took its name So that Grimesbi it calleth alle That theroffe speken alle; And so shulen men callen it ay,always Bitwene this and .now Judgment Day

line750Grim was fishere swithe god,fisherman And mikel couthe on the flod — Mani god fish therinne he tok, Bothe with neth and with hok.nets He tok the sturgiun and the qual,sturgeon whale line755And the turbut and lax withal;turbot salmon He tok the sele and the hwelseal eel He spedde ofte swithe wel.succeeded very Keling he tok and tumberel,Cod porpoise Hering and the makerel,mackerel line760The butte, the schulle, the thornebake. flounder plaice skate Gode paniers dede he make,baskets On til him and other thrinneOne for three Til hise sones to beren fishe inne, Up o londe to selle and fongeOn land collect money line765Forbar he neyther tun ne grongeNeglected neither town nor farm That he ne to yede with his ware.went Kam he nevere hom hand-bare,empty-handed That he ne broucte bred and sowelsauce In his shirte or in his cowel,hood line770In his poke benes and kornbag grain Hise swink he havede he nowt forlorn.work lost And hwan he took the grete lamprey, Ful wel he couthe the rithe weiknew To Lincolne, the gode boru;town line775Ofte he yede it thoru and thoru,traversed through Til he havede wol wel sold wool And therfore the penies told.counted Thanne he com thenne he were blithe,from there happy For hom he brouthe fele sithemany times line780Wastels, simenels with the horn,Cakes horn-shaped bread His pokes fulle of mele and korn,bags flour grain Netes flesh, shepes and swines;Oxens’ And hemp to maken of gode lines,lines [for fishing] And stronge ropes to hise netes,for his nets line785In the se weren he ofte setes.

Thusgate Grim him fayre ledde:bore himself well Him and his genge wel he feddehousehold Wel twelf winter other more.or Havelok was war that Grim swank soreaware worked hard line790For his mete, and he lay at hom —stayed Thouthe, “Ich am now no grom!boy Ich am wel waxen and wel may etengrown More than evere Grim may geten. Ich ete more, bi God on live, line795Than Grim an hise children five! It ne may nouth ben thus longe.for long Goddot! I wile with hem gangeGod knows go For to leren sum god to gete.useful thing Swinken ich wolde for my mete —Work line800It is no shame for to swinken! The man that may wel eten and drinken Thar nouth ne have but on swink long — To liggen at hom it is ful strong.stay wrong God yelde him, ther I ne may,reward since line805That haveth me fed to this day! Gladlike I wile the paniers bere —baskets Ich woth ne shal it me nouth dere,know harm They ther be inne a birthene gretburden Al so hevi als a neth.as an ox line810Shal ich nevere lengere dwellestay here Tomorwen shal ich forth pelle.” hurry forth

On the morwen, hwan it was day, He stirt up sone and nouth ne lay,started early And cast a panier on his bac,basket line815With fish giveled als a stac.heaped like Al so michel he bar him one, So he foure, bi mine mone!As four men, on my word Wel he it bar and solde it wel; The silver he brouthe hom ilk del, every bit line820Al that he therfore tok —for it Withheld he nouth a ferthinges nok. trimming of a farthing So yede he forth ilke daywent each That he nevere at home lay — So wolde he his mester lere.trade learn line825Bifel it so a strong dereIt happened famine Bigan to rise of korn of bred,grain That Grim ne couthe no god red,plan Hw he sholde his meiné fede;household Of Havelok havede he michel drede,doubt line830For he was strong and wel mouthe etemust More thanne evere mouthe be gete;gotten Ne he ne mouthe on the se takemight sea Neyther lenge ne thornbake,ling skate Ne non other fish that doutheavailed line835His meyné feden with he mouthe.family might Of Havelok he havede kare,worried Hwilgat that he micthe fare.In what way Of his children was him nouth;he did not think On Havelok was al hise thouth,thought line840And seyde, “Havelok, dere sone, I wene that we deye monethink must die For hunger, this dere is so strong,famine And hure mete is uten long.our long gone Betere is that thu henne gongefrom here go line845Than thu here dwelle longe — Hethen thou mayt gangen to late;Hence [from here] must go Thou canst ful wel the ricthe gateknow right way To Lincolne, the gode borutown Thou havest it gon ful ofte thoru. line850Of me ne is me nouth a slo. sloeberry (i.e., I am powerless) Betere is that thu thider go, For ther is mani god man inne; Ther thou mayt thi mete winne.earn But wo is me thou art so naked,poorly clothed line855Of mi seyl I wolde thee were makedsail A cloth thou mithest inne gongen,Some clothing Sone, no cold that thu ne fonge.”Son endure

He tok the sheres of the naylshears off And made him a covel of the sayl,garment line860And Havelok dide it sone on.put Havede he neyther hosen ne shon,socks shoes Ne none kines other wede: Nor any kind of other clothes To Lincolne barfot he yede.barefoot went Hwan he cam ther, he was ful wilperplexed line865Ne havede he no frend to gangen til.to go to Two dayes ther fastinde he yede,fasting That non for his werk wolde him fede. The thridde day herde he calle:third “Bermen, bermen, hider forth alle!”Porters here line870Poure that on fote yede Poor who went Sprongen forth so sparke on glede,Sprang as spark from burning coal Havelok shof dun nyne or tenshoved down Rith amidewarde the fen,amidst mud And stirte forth to the kok,toward the cook line875Ther the erles mete he tok That he bouthe at the brigge:bridge The bermen let he alle ligge,porters stay And bar the mete to the castel, And gat him there a ferthing wastel.farthing cake line880Thet other day kepte he okalso Swithe yerne the erles kok, Til that he say him on the brigge, saw And bi him many fishes ligge.lie The herles mete havede he bouthearl’s line885Of Cornwalie and kalde oft: “Bermen, bermen, hider swithe!”quickly Havelok it herde and was ful blitheglad That he herde “bermen” calle. Alle made he hem dun falle line890That in his gate yeden and stode —way walked Wel sixtene laddes gode. Als he lep the kok til, He shof hem alle upon an hyldown a hill Astirte til him with his rippeHurried basket line895And bigan the fish to kippe.take He bar up wel a carte lode Of segges, laxes, of playces brode,squid, salmon plaice Of grete laumprees and of eles.lampreys eels Sparede he neyther tos ne helestoes nor heels (i.e., he ran) line900Til that he to the castel cam, That men fro him his birthene nam.Where burden took Than men haveden holpen him doun With the birthene of his croun, off head The kok stod and on him low,smiled line905And thoute him stalworthe man ynow,strong enough And seyde, “Wiltu ben wit me?Will you stay with Gladlike wile ich feden thee: Wel is set the mete thu etes, invested And the hire that thu getes!”wages

line910“Goddot!” quoth he, “leve sire,said dear Bidde ich you non other hire, Ask [for] wages But yeveth me inow to ete —give Fir and water I wile you fete,Firewood fetch The fir blowe and ful wele maken; line915Stickes kan ich breken and kraken, And kindlen ful wel a fyr,kindle And maken it to brennen shir.brightly Ful wel kan ich cleven shides,split sticks Eles to turven of here hides;Eels skin their line920Ful wel kan ich dishes swilen,wash And don al that ye evere wilen.” Quoth the kok, “Wile I no more!Said I desire Go thu yunder and sit thore,there And I shal yeve the ful fair bred, line925And made the broys in the led.broth kettle Sit now doun and et ful yerneeagerly Datheit hwo the mete werne!”Curse whoever denies you food

Havelok sette him dun anonat once Al so stille als a ston,As still as line930Til he havede ful wel eten; Tho havede Havelok fayre geten.Then well made out Hwan he havede eten inow, He kam to the wele, water up drow,drew up And filde ther a michel solarge tub line935Bad he non ageyn him go, But bitwen his hondes he bar it in, Al him one, to the kichin.All by himself Bad he non him water to fett, Ne fro brigge to bere the mete. line940He bar the turves, he bar the star,peat star grass The wode fro the brigge he bar, Al that evere shulden he nytte,use Al he drow and al he cittehauled cut Wolde he nevere haven restWanted to have line945More than he were a best.Any more than if beast Of alle men was he mest meke,most meek Lauhwinde ay and blithe of speke;Laughing glad Evere he was glad and blithe — His sorwe he couthe ful wel mithe.hide line950It ne was non so litel knavechild For to leyken ne for to plawe,sport play That he ne wolde with him pleye. The children that yeden in the weiewent Of him he deden al here wille,their line955And with him leykeden here fille. Him loveden alle, stille and bolde,shy Knictes, children, yunge and holdeold Alle him loveden that him sowen,saw Bothen heye men and lowe. line960Of him ful wide the word sprong,far and wide Hw he was mikel, hw he was strong,great Hw fayr man God him havede maked, But on that he was almest naked:Except For he ne havede nouth to shridenothing wear line965But a kovel ful unride, wretched cloak cumbersome That was ful and swithe wicke;foul very wretched Was it nouth worth a fir-sticke.stick of firewood The cok bigan of him to rewetake pity And bouthe him clothes al spannewe:brand new line970He bouthe him bothe hosen and shon,socks shoes And sone dide him dones on.made him put them on Hwan he was clothed, osed, and shod,hosed Was non so fayr under God, That evere yete in erthe were, line975Non that evere moder bere; It was nevere man that yemedeThere governed In kinneriche that so wel semedekingdom King or cayser for to be, Than he was shrid, so semede he;clad line980For thanne he weren alle samenwhen together At Lincolne at the gamen,games And the erles men woren al thore,there Than was Havelok bi the shuldren more i.e., taller by a head Than the meste that ther kam:greatest line985In armes him noman namno one took That he doune sone ne caste. Havelok stod over hem als a mast;like Als he was heie, als he was long, As tall He was bothe stark and strong — line990In Engelond non hise perpeer Of strengthe that evere kam him ner. Als he was strong, so was he softe;As gentle They a man him misdede ofte,Although mistreated Neveremore he him misseyde,Never insulted line995Ne hond on him with yvele leyde.evil intent Of bodi was he mayden clene;pure Nevere yete in game, ne in grene,sport sexual desire With hire ne wolde he leyke ne lye,her (an attractive woman) sport No more than it were a strie.witch line1000In that time al HengelondEngland Th’erl Godrich havede in his hond,power And he gart komen into the tunmade to town Mani erl and mani barun, And alle that lives werealive line1005In Englond thanne wer there,then That they haveden after sent To ben ther at the parlement.assembly With hem com mani chambioun,champion Mani with ladde, blac and brown, with servants line1010And fel it so that yungemen, Wel abouten nine or ten, Bigunnen the for to layke.there sport Thider komen bothe stronge and wayke,To that place weak Thider komen lesse and more line1015That in the boru thanne weren thore —then Chaunpiouns and starke laddes,stalwart youth Bondemen with here gaddes,Peasants cattle prods Als he comen fro the plow.As they There was sembling inow;enough assembled line1020For it ne was non horse-knave,there stable boy Tho thei sholden in honde have,be on duty That he ne kam thider, the leyk to se.sport see Biforn here fet thanne lay a tre,feet tree [as a foul line] And pulten with a mikel ston heaved mighty line1025The starke laddes, ful god won.very large number The ston was mikel and ek gret,also And al so hevi so a neth;just as an ox Grundstalwyrthe man he sholde beVery strong That mouthe liften it to his kne;Who might line1030Was ther neyther clerc ne prest,nor That mithe liften it to his brest. Therwit putten the chaumpiounsWith it That thider comen with the barouns. Hwo so mithe putten thoreWhosoever line1035Biforn another an inch or more, Wore he yung, wore he hold,Were old He was for a kempe told.outstanding performer counted Al so the stoden and ofte stareden,As they The chaumpiouns and ek the ladden, also lads line1040And he maden mikel stroutgreat dispute Abouten the altherbeste but,greatest effort Havelok stod and lokede thertil,at that And of puttingge he was ful wil,ignorant For nevere yete ne saw he orbefore line1045Putten the stone or thanne thor.before that time Hise mayster bad him gon therto — Als he couthe therwith do. Tho hise mayster it him bad, He was of him sore adrad.himself doubtful line1050Therto he stirte sone anon, And kipte up that hevi stonpicked That he sholde putten withe; He putte at the firste sithe,putted [it] time Over alle that ther woreFarther line1055Twelve fote and sumdel more.somewhat The chaumpiouns that put sowen;shotput saw Shuldreden he ilc other and lowen.They shoved each other laughed Wolden he nomore to putting gange,go But seyde, “Thee dwellen her to longe!”here too long line1060This selkouth mithe nouth ben hyd:wonder hidden Ful sone it was ful loude kidmade known Of Havelok, hw he warp the stonthrew Over the laddes everilkon,each of them Hw he was fayr, hw he was long,tall line1065Hw he was with, hw he was strong;manly (wight) Thoruth England yede the speche,went the rumor Hw he was strong and ek meke;also In the castel, up in the halle, The knithes speken therof alle, line1070So that Godrich it herde wel: The speken of Havelok, everi delThey everywhere Hw he was strong man and hey,tall Hw he was strong, and ek fri,skillful And thouthte Godrich, “Thoru this knaveThrough line1075Shal ich Engelond al have, And mi sone after me; For so I wile that it be.desire The King Athelwald me dide sweremade me swear Upon al the messe geremass implements line1080That I shude his douther yeve The hexte that mithe live,greatest (highest) The beste, the fairest, the strangest okstrongest also That gart he me sweren on the bok.made Hwere mithe I finden ani so hey,Where tall line1085So Havelok is, or so sley?skillful Thou I southe hethen into Inde,searched from here to India So fayr, so strong, ne mithe I finde. Havelok is that ilke knavethat very boy That shal Goldeboru have!” line1090This thouthe with trechery,[he] thought With traysoun, and wit felony;with For he wende that Havelok woresurmised Sum cherles sone and no more;ordinary person (peasant) Ne shulde he haven of Engellond line1095Onlepi foru in his hondA single furrow possession With hire that was therof eyr,[rightful] heir That bothe was god and swithe fair.very He wende that Havelok wer a thral,serf (slave) Therthoru he wende haven alFor this reason expected line1100In Engelond, that hire rith was. He was werse than SathanasSatan That Jhesu Crist in erthe stoc. buried Hanged worthe he on an hok!Let him be hanged oak

After Goldeboru sone he sende,For soon sent line1105That was bothe fayr and hende,courteous And dide hire to Lincolne bringe.had her brought Belles dede he ageyn hire ringen, And joie he made hire swithe mikel; But netheless he was ful swikel.nonetheless treacherous line1110He saide that he sholde hire yevewed (give) The fayreste man that mithe live. She answerede and saide anon, By Crist and bi Seint Johan,Saint John That hire sholde noman wedde line1115Ne noman bringen hire to bedde But he were king or kinges eyr,Unless heir Were he nevere man so fayr.

Godrich the erl was swithe wrothso angry That she swor swilk an oth,such line1120And saide, “Whether thou wilt be Quen and levedi over me? Thou shalt haven a gadelingrogue Ne shalt thou haven non other king! Thee shal spusen mi cokes knave —marry cook’s line1125Ne shalt thou non other louered have. Datheit that thee other yeve Everemore hwil I live! Tomorwe ye sholen ben weddeth, And maugre thin togidere beddeth.in spite of you line1130Goldeboru gret and yaf hire ille;wept She wolde ben ded bi hire wille. On the morwen hwan day was sprungen And day-belle at kirke rungen,church After Havelok sente that Judasi.e., Godrich line1135That werse was thanne Sathanas, And saide, “Maister, wilte wif?”do you want “Nay,” quoth Havelok, “bi my lif!said Hwat sholde ich with wif do? I ne may hire fede ne clothe ne sho.shoe line1140Wider sholde ich wimman bringe?Where I ne have none kines thinge — I ne have hws, I ne have cote,house cottage Ne I ne have stikke, I ne have sprote,twig [for fuel] I ne have neyther bred ne sowel,sauce line1145Ne cloth but of an hold whit covel.clothing except white cloak This clothes that ich onne havehave on Aren the kokes and ich his knave!”cook’s Godrich stirt up and on him dong,struck With dintes swithe hard and strong, blows line1150And seyde, “But thou hire takeUnless That I wole yeven thee to make,as a mate I shal hangen thee ful heye,high Or I shal thristen uth thin heie.”thrust out your eye Havelok was one and was odrat,alone afraid line1155And grauntede him al that he bad.ordered

Tho sende he after hire sone,quickly The fayrest wymman under mone,moon And seyde til hire, fals and slike, treacherous That wicke thrall that foule swike:slave traitor line1160“But thu this man understonde,Unless accept I shall flemen thee of londe;banish you from Or thou shal to the galwes renne,gallows run And ther thou shalt in a fir brenne.”burn Sho was adrad for he so thrette,threatened line1165And durste nouth the spusing lette;dared not espousal obstruct But they hire likede swithe ille,even though very Sho thouthe it was Godes wille — God that makes to growen the korn, Formede hire wimman to be born.woman line1170Hwan he havede don him, for drede, That he sholde hire spusen and fede,espouse And that she sholde til him holde,cling Ther weren penies thicke tolde Mikel plenté, upon the bok —A very great amount line1175He ys hire yaf and she is tok. gave her [his] she took them He weren spused fayre and well,They married The messe he dede, everi delevery bit That fel to spusing, an god clekdealt with good clerk The erchebishop uth of Yerk,from York line1180That kam to the parlement,assembly Als God him havede thider sent.As to that place

Hwan he weren togidere in Godes lawe, That the folc ful wel it sawe, He ne wisten what he mouthen,knew not might [do] line1185Ne he ne wisten what hem douthe,would avail them Ther to dwellen, or thenne to gonge.Where go from there Ther ne wolden he dwellen longe, For he wisten and ful wel saweknew That Godrich hem hatede — the devel him hawe!seize (possess) line1190And if he dwelleden ther outhwithout security That fel Havelok ful wel on thouthtreachery worried about Men sholde don his leman shame,beloved Or elles bringen in wicke blame, That were him levere to ben ded.rather line1195Forthi he token another red:Therefore counsel That thei sholden thenne fle Til Grim and til hise sone thre —to sons Ther wenden he altherbest to spede, Hem forto clothe and for to fede.Themselves line1200The lond he token under fote — Ne wisten he non other botesolution And helden ay the rith sti always way Til he komen to Grimesby. Thanne he komen there thanne was Grim ded line1205Of him ne haveden he no red.word But hise children alle fyve, Alle weren yet on live,alive That ful fayre ayen hem neme Hwan he wisten that he keme,When they knew line1210And maden joie swithe mikel — Ne weren he nevere ayen hem fikel.against disloyal On knes ful fayre he hem settenthey set themselves And Havelok swithe fayre gretten, And seyden, “Welkome, louered dere!dear lord line1215And welkome be thi fayre fere!to your companion Blessed be that ilke thrawethat very time That thou hire toke in Godes lawe! Wel is hus we sen thee on live.Well is [it for] us alive Thou mithe us bothe selle and yeve;may line1220Thou mayt us bothe yeve and selle, With that thou wilt here dwelle.If We haven, louerd, alle godegood things Hors, and neth, and ship on flode,oxen sea Gold and silver and michel auchte,great possessions line1225That Grim ure fader us bitauchte.our bequeathed Gold and silver and other feproperty Bad he us bitaken thee.Told to entrust you We haven sheep, we haven swin;swine Bileve her, louerd, and al be thin!Remain yours line1230Tho shalt ben louerd, thou shalt ben syre, And we sholen serven thee and hire;her And hure sistres sholen doour Al that evere biddes sho:she commands He sholen hire clothes washen and wringen,They shall line1235And to hondes water bringen;bring water to her He sholen bedden hire and thee,They put to bed For levedi wile we that she be.” Hwan he this joie haveden maked,made Sithen stikes broken and kraked,Afterwards line1240And the fir brouth on brenne;stoked Ne was ther spared gos ne henne,goose hen Ne the hende ne the drake:duck Mete he deden plenté make; Ne wantede there no god mete, line1245Wyn and ale deden he fete, And hem made glade and blithe; Wesseyl ledden he fele sithe. i.e., They drank to their health often On the nith als Goldeboru lay,During night as Sory and sorwful was she ay,continually line1250For she wende she were biswike,thought deceived That she were yeven unkyndelike.given [in marriage] out of her rank O nith saw she therinne a lith,One light A swithe fayr, a swithe brythso bright Al so brith, all so shirbright shining line1255So it were a blase of fir.blaze of fire She lokede noth and ek south,north And saw it comen ut of his mouth That lay bi hire in the bed. No ferlike thou she were adred!wonder that afraid line1260Thouthe she, “What may this bimene?mean He beth heyman yet, als I wene:nobleman believe He beth heyman er he be ded!” On hise shuldre, of gold redshoulders She saw a swithe noble croiz;cross line1265Of an angel she herde a voyz:voice

Goldeboru, lat thi sorwe be!set aside For Havelok, that haveth spuset thee,married He, kinges sone and kinges eyr, That bikenneth that croiz so fayrbetokens line1270It bikenneth more — that he shalmeans Denemark haven and Englond al. He shal ben king strong and stark, Of Engelond and Denemark That shal thu wit thin eyne seen,eyes line1275And tho shalt quen and levedi ben!”lady

Thanne she havede herd the steveneWhen voice Of the angel uth of hevene, She was so fele sithes blitheso many times over glad That she ne mithe hire joie mythe,might not hide line1280But Havelok sone anon she kiste, And he slep and nouth ne wisteknew Hwat that aungel havede seyd. Of his slep anon he brayd,out of started And seide, “Lemman, slepes thou?Beloved line1285A selkuth drem dremede me nowwondrous dream just now

Herkne now what me haveth met.Listen dreamed Me thouthe I was in Denemark set, But on on the moste hilone of the tallest hills That evere yete cam I til.to line1290It was so hey that I wel mouthehigh Al the werd se, als me thouthe.world Als I sat upon that loweAs hill I bigan Denemark for to awe,to possess The borwes and the castles stronge;towns line1295And mine armes weren so longe That I fadmede al at ones,embraced once Denemark with mine longe bones;i.e., my long body And thanne I wolde mine armes drawe Til me and hom for to have,Towards line1300Al that evere in Denemark livedenEveryone who On mine armes faste clyveden;clung And the stronge castles alle On knes bigunnen for to falle — The keyes fellen at mine fet. line1305Another drem dremede me ek:I dreamed also That ich fley over the salte se fled Til Engeland, and al with me That evere was in Denemark lyvesalive But bondemen and here wives;Except serfs their line1310And that ich com til Engelond Al closede it intil min hond,Enclosed And, Goldeborw, I gaf thee.[England] Deus! lemman, what may this be?”God my dear Sho answerede and seyde sone:She quickly line1315Jesu Crist, that made mone,moon Thine dremes turne to joye . . . That wite thu that sittes in trone!throne Ne non strong, king ne cayserecaesar So thou shalt be, fo thou shalt berefor wear line1320In Engelond corune yet.crown Denemark shal knele to thi fet; Alle the castles that aren therinne Shaltou, lemman, ful wel winne. I woth so wel so ich it sowe,saw line1325To thee shole comen heye and lowe,shall And alle that in Denemark wonelive Em and brother, fader and sone,Uncle Erl and baroun, dreng and thayn,vassal thane Knightes and burgeys and sweyncitizens attendants line1330And mad king heyelike and wel.made solemnly Denemark shal be thin evere ilc delevery part Have thou nouth theroffe douthe,nothing to fear Nouth the worth of one nouthe;value nut Theroffe withinne the firste yer line1335Shalt thou ben king of evere il del.doubt But do now als I wile rathe:advise Nim in wit lithe to Denemark bathe,quickly And do thou nouth on frest this farenot postpone journey Lith and selthe felawes are. line1340For shal ich nevere blithe be Til I with eyen Denemark se,eyes For ich woth that al the londknow Shalt thou haven in thin hond. Prey Grimes sones alle thre,Ask line1345That he wenden forth with the;they go I wot he wilen the nouth werne —refuse With the wende shulen he yerne,go eagerly For he loven thee hertelike.they heartily Thou maght til he aren quike, may ready line1350Hwore-so he o worde aren;Wherever in the world they are There ship thou do hem swithe yaren,make them quickly prepare And loke that thou dwelle nouthdelay not Dwelling haveth ofte scathe wrouth.”harm

Hwan Havelok herde that she radde,what advised line1355Sone it was day, sone he him cladde,dressed And sone to the kirke yedechurch went Or he dide any other dede,Before And bifor the Rode bigan falle,in front of Cross “Croiz” and “Crist” bi to kalle,Cross began to call upon line1360And seyde, “Louerd, that all weldeswho governs Wind and water, wodes and feldes — For the holy milce of you,mercy Have merci of me, Louerd, now! And wreke me yet on mi foavenge enemy line1365That ich saw biforn min eyne sloeyes kill Mine sistres with a knif, And sithen wolde me mi lyf Have reft, for in the sedeprived Bad he Grim have drenched me.Commanded line1370He hath mi lond with mikel unrith,great injustice With michel wrong, with mikel plith,harm For I ne misdede him nevere nouth,mistreated in any way And haved me to sorwe brouth.[he] has He haveth me do mi mete to thigge,driven beg line1375And ofte in sorwe and pine ligge.pain lie Louerd, have merci of me, And late me wel passe the se — Though ihc have theroffe douthe and kare,I Withuten stormes overfare, line1380That I ne drenched therinedrowned Ne forfaren for no sinne,lost And bringe me wel to the lond That Godard haldes in his hond,holds That is mi rith, everi del —right line1385Jesu Crist, thou wost it wel!”know

Thanne he havede his bede seyd,prayer His offrende on the auter leyd,offering altar His leve at Jhesu Crist he tok,took his leave And at his swete moder ok,i.e., the Virgin Mary line1390And at the Croiz that he biforn lay;Cross Sithen yede sore grotinde awey.weeping

Hwan he com hom, he wore yare,they were ready Grimes sones, for to fareto go Into the se, fishes to gete, line1395That Havelok mithe wel of ete. But Avelok thoughte al another:something else First he kalde the heldeste brother,called eldest Roberd the Rede, bi his name, Wiliam Wenduth and Huwe Raven, line1400Grimes sones alle thre — And seyde, “Lithes now alle to me;said Listen Louerdinges, ich wile you sheweGentlemen A thing of me that ye wel knewe. Mi fader was king of Denshe lond —Danish line1405Denemark was al in his hond The day that he was quik and ded.alive But thanne havede he wicke red,advice That he me and Denemark al And mine sistres bitawte a thral;entrusted to a servant line1410A develes lime he hus bitawhte,limb (i.e., a villain) entrusted us And al his lond and al hise authe,possessions For I saw that fule fendfoul fiend Mine sistres slo with hise hend: First he shar a two here throtes,cut in two their line1415And sithen hem al to grotes,then [chopped] them into small pieces And sithen bad in the se[he] ordered Grim, youre fader, drenchen me. Deplike dede he him swereSolemnly On bok that he sholde me bere line1420Unto the se and drenchen ine,in [it] And wolde taken on him the sinne. But Grim was wis and swithe hendeskillful Wolde he nouth his soule shende;harm Levere was him to be forsworenPreferable falsely sworn line1425Than drenchen me and ben forlorn.drown lost But sone bigan he forto fle Fro Denemark for to berthen me.protect For yif ich havede ther ben funden,if found Havede he ben slayn or harde bunden,tightly bound line1430And heye ben hanged on a tre — Havede go for him gold ne fe. Forthi fro Denemark hider he fledde,Therefore And me ful fayre and ful wel fedde, So that unto this day line1435Have ich ben fed and fostred ay.brought up But now ich am up to that heldeage Cumen that ich may wepne welde,wield weapons And I may grete dintes yeve,blows give Shal I nevere hwil ich lyve line1440Ben glad til that ich Denemark se! I preie you that ye wende with me,beseech go And ich may mak you riche men; Ilk of you shal have castles ten,Each And the lond that thor til longesbelongs to it line1445Borwes, tunes, wodes, and wonges.Boroughs, fields village

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

line1625“With swilk als ich byen shal.such as buy Ther of biseche you now levepermission Wile ich speke with non other revemagistrate But with thee, that justise are,judge That I mithe seken mi ware line1630In gode borwes up and doun, And faren ich wile fro tun to tun.”town A gold ring drow he forth anon —drew An hundred pund was worth the ston — And yaf it Ubbe for to spede. in hope of success line1635He was ful wis that first yaf mede; shrewd who gave reward And so was Havelok ful wis here: He solde his gold ring ful dereat a high price Was nevere non so dere sold Fro chapmen, neyther yung ne old.merchants line1640That sholen ye forthward ful wel heren,later hear Yif that ye wile the storie heren.If

Hwan Ubbe havede the gold ring, Havede he yovenet for no thing,given it up Nouth for the borw evere ilk del. line1645Havelok bihel he swithe wel,beheld Hw he was wel of bones maked, Brod in the sholdres, ful wel schaped,Broad Thicke in the brest, of bodi long — He semede wel to ben wel strong. line1650Deus!” hwat Ubbe, “Qui ne were he knith?God said Why knight I woth that he is swithe with!know very powerful Betere semede him to bere Helm on heved, sheld and spere,Helmet head Thanne to beye and selle warebuy goods (i.e., be a merchant) line1655Allas, that he shal therwith fare!get along Goddot! Wile he trowe me,If he takes my advice Chaffare shal he late be.”Trading leave off Netheles he seyde sone:Nonetheless Havelok, have thi bone!request line1660And I ful wel rede thee That thou come and ete with me Today, thou and thi fayre wif That thou lovest al so thi lif.as much as your life And have thou of hire no dredefear line1665Shal hire no man shame bede.offer Bi the fey that I owe to thee,faith Ther of shal I me self borw be.”myself pledge

Havelok herde that he bad,what he offered And thow was he ful sore dradafraid line1670With him to ete, for hise wif;because of For him wore levere that his lif Him wore reft, than she in blame Felle or lauthe ani shame.experienced any Hwanne he havede his wille yat,assented line1675The stede that he onne sathorse sat on Smot Ubbe with spures faste, And forth awey, but at the laste,[went] forth away Or he fro him ferde,went Seyde he, that his folk herde:so that line1680“Loke that ye comen bethe,both For ich it wile and ich it rede.” I want advise

Havelok ne durste, the he were adrad,though he were frightened Nouth withsitten that Ubbe bad.oppose what bade His wif he dide with him lede — line1685Unto the heye curt he yede. court went Roberd hire ledde, that was red, who That havede tholed for hire the dedwould have suffered death Or ani havede hire misseyd, Or hand with ivele onne leyd.laid an evil hand on her line1690Willam Wendut was that other That hire ledde, Roberdes brother, That was with at alle nedes.brave Wel is him that god man fedes!i.e., has good retainers Than he weren comen to the halle, line1695Biforen Ubbe and hise men alle, Ubbe stirte hem ageyn,went towards them And mani a knith and mani a sweyn, Hem for to se and for to shewe. inspect Tho stod Havelok als a loweThen hill line1700Aboven that ther inne wore,those were Rith al bi the heved morehead Thanne ani that ther inne stod. Tho was Ubbe blithe of mod That he saw him so fayr and hende;courteous line1705Fro him ne mithe his herte wende,turn Ne fro him, ne fro his wif — He lovede hem sone so his lif.just as much as Weren non in Denemark that him thouthe That he so mikel love mouthe.might [have] line1710More he lovede Havelok oneonly Than al Denemark, bi mine wone.on my word Loke now, hw God helpen kan O mani wise wif and man!many [a]

Hwan it was comen time to ete, line1715Hise wif dede Ubbe sone in fete,fetch inside And til hire seyde al on gamen,to her in jest “Dame, thou and Havelok shulen ete samen,together And Goldeboru shal ete wit me, That is so fayr so flour on tre.Who as a flower line1720In al Denemark is wimman nonno woman So fayr so sche, by Seint Johan.”as she Thanne were set and bord leyd, table And the beneysun was seyd,blessing Biforn hem com the beste mete line1725That king or cayser wolde ete:emperor caesar Kranes, swannes, veneysun, Cranes, swans, venison Lax, lampreys, and god sturgun,Salmon good sturgeon Pyment to drinke and god claré,claret Win hwit and red, ful god plenté —Wine white line1730Was ther inne no page so liteThere was little That evere wolde ale bite.request Of the mete forto telle Ne of the win bidde I nout dwelle; That is the storie for to lengeprolong line1735It wolde anuye this fayre genge.annoy company But hwan he haveden the kilthing deyled each tippling shared And fele sithe haveden wosseyled,toasted With gode drinkes seten longe, And it was time for to gonge, line1740Ilk man to ther he cam fro,Each Thouthe Ubbe, “If I late hem go,let go Thus one foure, withuten mo,four alone So mote ich brouke finger or to,use toe For this wimman bes mikel wo! woman there will be much line1745For hire shal men hire louerd slo.”their lords He tok sone knithes ten, And wel sixti other men Wit gode bowes and with gleives,spears And sende hem unto the greyves, line1750The beste man of al the toun, That was named Bernard Brun And bad him als he lovede his lif,as Havelok wel yemen and his wif,protect And wel do wayten al the nithkeep watch line1755Til the other day that it were lith.next when light Bernard was trewe and swithe with,powerfully strong In al the borw ne was no knith That betere couthe on stede riden, Helm on heved ne swerd bi side. line1760Havelok he gladlike understod With mikel love and herte god, And dide greythe a super richeprepare a sumptuous supper Al so he was no with chinchenot a bit stingy To his bihove everil del,taste line1765That he mithe supe swithe wel.eat

Al so he seten and sholde soupe, So comes a ladde in a joupe,loose jacket And with him sixti other strongestrong men With swerdes drawen and knives longe, line1770Ilkan in hande a ful god gleive,Each one sword And seyde, “Undo, Bernard the greyve!night watchman Undo swithe and lat us in, Or thu art ded, bi Seint Austin!” Saint Augustine Bernard stirt up, that was ful big,who line1775And caste a brinie upon his rig,coat of mail back And grop an ax that was ful god —grabbed Lep to the dore so he wore wod,as if he were crazy And seyde, “Hwat are ye, that ar ther-oute,out there That thus biginnen for to stroute?make a ruckus line1780Goth henne swithe, fule theves,Go hence For, bi the Louerd that man on leves,believes Shol ich casten the dore open,Should I Summe of you shal ich drepen,kill And the othre shal ich kestenothers cast line1785In feteres and ful faste festen! bind up “Hwat have ye seid?” quoth a ladde, “Wenestu that we ben adradde?Do you think afraid We shole at this dore gongedoor go Maugre thin, carl, or outh longe.”Despite all of you, churl, before long line1790He gripen sone a bulder stonboulder And let it fleye, ful god won,fly with great force Agen the dore, that it to-rof.broke apart Avelok it saw, and thider drofran And the barre sone ut drow,quickly pulled out line1795That was unride and gret ynow,huge quite big And caste the dore open wide And seide, “Her shal I now abide!Here Comes swithe unto mequickly Datheyt hwo you henne fle!”Cursed be any who flee line1800“No,” quodh on, “that shaltou coupe;”one you will pay And bigan til him to loupe,run In his hond his swerd ut drawe,pulled out Havelok he wende thore have slawe, And with him comen other two line1805That him wolde of live have do.robbed him of life Havelok lifte up the dore tredoor-bar And at a dint he slow hem thre.with one stroke he killed all three of them Was non of hem that hise hernesbrains Ne lay ther ute ageyn the sternes.Did not lie open to the stars line1810The ferthe that he sithen mettefourth Wit the barre so he him grettegreeted Bifor the heved that the rith eyeUpon head that Ut of the hole made he fleye,eye socket fly And sithe clapte him on the crunehit head line1815So that he stan ded fel thor dune.stone dead there down The fifte that he overtokfifth Gaf he a ful sor dint ok,Gave hard Bitween the sholdres ther he stod, That he spen his herte blod.shed line1820The sixte wende for to fle,turned And he clapte him with the tre Rith in the fule necke so That he smot hise necke on to.in two Thanne the sixe weren doun feld,felled line1825The seventhe brayd ut his swerdwhipped out And wolde Havelok riht in the eye;wanted [to hit] And Havelok let the barre fleye And smot him sone agheyn the brest, That havede he nevere schrifte of prest absolution line1830For he was ded on lesse hwilein less time Than men mouthe renne a mile.might run Alle the othere weren ful kene;very tough A red they taken hem bitwenedecision among themselves That he sholde him bihalve,They surround line1835And brisen so that wit no salvebatter [him] Ne sholde him helen leche non.heal doctor They drowen ut swerdes, ful god won,quite a number And shoten on him so don on bereas do bear Dogges that wolden him to-tere,tear apart line1840Thanne men doth the bere beyte. bear bait The laddes were kaske and teyteactive eager And umbiyeden him ilkon.surrounded him altogether Sum smot with tre and sum wit ston, Summe putten with gleyve in bac and sidethrust with sword line1845And yeven wundes longe and wide In twenti stedes and wel mo,places Fro the croune til the to.head to toe Hwan he saw that, he was wodcrazy And was it ferlik hw he stod!amazing that line1850For the blod ran of his sidesoff So water that fro the welle glides.As But thanne bigan he for to mowemow With the barre, and let hem sheweshow them Hw he couthe sore smite; line1855For was ther non, long ne lite, That he mouthe overtake, That he ne garte his croune krake,caused So that on a litel stund,in a little while Felde he twenti to the grund.felled

line1860Tho bigan gret dine to rise,Then a great noise For the laddes on ilke wisein every way Him asayleden with grete dintes,Assailed him Fro fer he sto[n]den him with flintes,very far And gleyves schoten him fro ferne,swords rushed from far away line1865For drepen him he wolden yerne;kill gladly But dursten he newhen him nomoreThey dared get near Thanne he bor or leun wore.Than if boar lion

Huwe Raven that dine herde,Hugh din And thowthe wel that men misferdeacted wrongly line1870With his louerd for his wifAgainst lord And grop an ore and a long knif,grabbed oar And thider drof al so an hert,as a hart (stag) And cham ther on a litel stertcame there in a little while And saw how the laddes wodeangry line1875Havelok his louerd umbistode,[they] surrounded And beten on him so doth the smithas With the hamer on the stith.anvil

“Allas!” hwat Hwe, “that I was boren!said Hugh That evere et ich bred of koren!ate grain line1880That ich here this sorwe se! Roberd! Willam! Hware ar ye?Where Gripeth ether unker a god treGrab both of you two cudgel And late we nouth thise doges fleallow not Til ure louerd wreke be. Until avenged line1885Cometh swithe, and folwes me: Ich have in honde a ful god ore — Datheit wo ne smite sore!”Cursed be [the one] who “Ya! leve, ya!” quod Roberd sone,my good boy “We haven ful god lith of the mone.”good light moon line1890Roberd grop a staf strong and gret, grabbed That mouthe ful wel bere a net,bear an ox And Willam Wendut grop a tre Mikel grettere than his the,Much thicker thigh And Bernard held his ax ful faste line1895I seye was he nouthe the laste! And lopen forth so he weren woderushed as frenzied To the laddes ther he stode, And yaf hem wundes swithe grete; Ther mithe men wel se boyes bete,knaves line1900And ribbes in here sides breke And Havelok on hem wel wreke.avenged He broken armes, he broken knes, He broken shankes, he broken thes.legs thighs He dide the blod there renne dunecaused run down line1905To the fet rith fro the crune,feet crown For was ther spared heved non.not one head He leyden on hevedes ful god won,quite a number And made croune breke and crakecrowns Of the broune and of the blake. dark white (OE blāc) line1910He maden here backes al so bloutebe beaten soft Als here wombes and made hem rowteAs stomachs roar Als he weren kradelbarnesbabies So dos the child that moder tharnes.loses its mother

Datheit the recke! For he it servede.ruckus they deserved it line1915Hwat dide he thore? Weren he werewed.they mauled So longe haveden he but and betthrust hit With neves under hernes setfists brains That of tho sixti men and onsixty-one Ne wente ther awey lives non.No one

line1920On the morwen, hwan it was day, Ilc on other wirwed laymangled Als it were dogges that weren henged;wretches And summe leye in dikes slenget,ditches slung And summe in gripes bi the hertrenches hair line1925Drawen ware and laten ther.left Sket cam tiding intil UbbeQuickly news to That Havelok havede with a clubbe Of hise slawen sixti and on Sergaunz, the beste that mihten gon.Men-at-arms might have been line1930Deus,” quoth Ubbe, “Hwat may this be? Betere is I nime miself and sego That this baret on hwat is woldwhat this disturbance means Thanne I sende yunge or old; For yif I sende him unto, line1935I wene men sholde him shame do, And that ne wolde ich for no thing. I love him wel, bi Heveneking — Me wore levere I wore lameI would prefer Thanne men dide him ani shame line1940Or tok or onne handes leyde Unornelike or shame seyde.” Roughly He lep up on a stede lith,lept horse nimbly And with him mani a noble knith, And ferde forth unto the tun,town line1945And dide calle Bernard Brun Ut of his hus wan he ther cam; And Bernard sone ageyn nam,called Al to-tused and al to-torn,cut up torn to pieces Ner al so naked so he was bornas line1950And al to-brised, bac and the.bruised thigh Quoth Ubbe, “Bernard, hwat is thee?what is wrong with you Hwo haves thee thus ille maked,Who treated Thus to-riven and al mad naked?”torn to pieces “Louerd, merci,” quot he sone, line1955“Tonicht, al so ros the mone,as the moon rose Comen her mo than sixti theves With lokene copes and wide sleves,fastened cloaks Me for to robben and to pine,torment And for to drepe me and mine.kill line1960Mi dore he broken up ful sket,quickly And wolde me binden hond and fet. Wan the godemen that sawe,people Havelok and he that bi the wowewall Leye, he stirten up sone ononright away line1965And summe grop tre and sum grop stongrabbed And drive hem ut, thei he weren crus,out though they were fierce So dogges ut of milne-hous.As mill Havelok grop the dore-tre, And a dint he slow hem thre.with one stroke line1970He is the beste man at nedein time of need That everemar shal ride stede — Als helpe God, bi mine wonein my opinion A thousend men his he worth one!alone Yif he ne were, ich were now ded —If it were not for him line1975So have ich don mi soule red!my own soul’s counsel But it is of him mikel sinne:harm He maden him swilke woundes thrinnesuch therein That of the altherleste woundevery least Were a stede brouht to grunde.horse brought down line1980He haves a wunde in the side With a gleyve ful unride;sword very huge And he haves on thoru his arumhas one through arm Ther of is full mikel harum;harm And he haves on thoru his theone thigh line1985The unrideste that men may se.most enormous And othe wundes haves he stronge,other Mo than twenti, swithe longe.severe But sithen he havede lauth the sorsince felt pain Of the wundes, was nevere borboar line1990That so fauth, so he fauth thanne!fought Was non that havede the hernepannebrain-pan (skull) So hard that he ne dede al to-cruhsseutterly crush And al to-shivere and al to-frusshe.shiver smash He folwede hem so hund dos hare —as a hound does line1995Datheyt on he wolde spare,A curse That ne made hem everilkonevery Ligge stille so doth the ston.Lie as And ther nis he nouth to friehe is not to be blamed For other sholde he make hem lyeeither line2000Ded, or thei him havede slawen,killed Or al to-hewen or al to-drawen.

“Louerd, havi nomore plithI have harm Of that ich was grethed tonith.troubled Thus wolde the theves me have reft;robbed line2005But, God thank, he havenet sure keft!they have certainly paid for it But it is of him mikel scathe — I woth that he bes ded ful rathe.”know will be soon dead

Quoth Ubbe, “Bernard, seyst thou soth?”truth “Ya, sire, that I ne leye o tooth! lie through my teeth line2010Yif I, louerd, a word leye,[should] tell a lie Tomorwen do me hengen heye.”hang The burgeys that ther bi stode thorecitizens stood by Grundlike and grete othes swore,Hearty solemn Litle and mikle, yunge and holde,old line2015That was soth that Bernard tolde — Soth was that he wolden him bynde, And trusse al that he mithen fyndecarry off Of hise in arke or in kistecoffer chest That he mouthe in seckes thriste.might in sacks thrust line2020“Louerd, he haveden al awey born His thing, and himself al to-torn,possessions torn apart But als God self barw him wel,himself preserved That he ne tinte no catel.lost no possessions Hwo mithe so mani stonde ageynWho stand up against line2025Bi nither-tale, knith or swein?nighttime He weren bi tale sixti and ten —tally Starke laddes, stalworthi men,Strong And on the mayster of hem alle,one That was the name Griffin Galle. Who was named line2030Hwo mouthe ageyn so mani stonde, But als this man of ferne londefar away Haveth hem slawen with a tre?killed beam Mikel joie have he! God yeve him mikel god to welde,possessions to control line2035Bothe in tun and ek in felde:town country Wel is set the mete he etes.” spent food Quoth Ubbe, “Doth him swithe fete,Fetch him quickly That I mouthe his woundes se, If that he mouthen holed be;might be made whole line2040For if he mouthe covere yetrecover And gangen wel upon hise fet,go Miself shal dubben him to knith, Forthi that he is so with.Because And yif he livede, tho foule theves,those line2045That weren of Kaym kin and Eves, Cain’s He sholden hange bi the necke —They Of here ded datheit wo recke,their death cursed Hwan he yeden thus on nithesSince went at night Tobinde bothe burgmen and knithes!citzens line2050For bynderes love ich neveremooutlaws more Of hem ne yeve ich nouht a slo.”sloeberry (i.e., I do not care)

Havelok was bifore Ubbe browth,brought That havede for him ful mikel thouthconcern And mikel sorwe in his herte line2055For hise wundes, that we so smerte.were so severe

But hwan his wundes weren shewed,examined And a leche havede knaweddoctor determined That he hem mouthe ful wel hele,he (the doctor) Wel make him gange and ful wel mele,walk talk line2060And wel a palefrey bistride,sit on a palfrey And wel upon a stede ride,charger Tho let Ubbe al his careThen Ubbe put aside And al his sorwe over fare,pass over And seyde, “Cum now forth with me, line2065And Goldeboru, thi wif, with thee, And thine serjaunz alle thre,men-at-arms For now wile I youre warant be:guarantee Wile I non of here frendtheir friends That thu slowe with thin hend line2070Moucte wayte thee to slo wait [in ambush] Also thou gange to and fro.go I shal lene thee a bowr loan room That is up in the heye tour,high tower Til thou mowe ful wel gomay get around line2075And wel ben hol of al thi wo.healed It ne shal nothing ben bitwene Thi bowr and min, al so I wene, But a fayr firrene wowefirwood wall Speke I loude or spek I lowe, line2080Thou shalt ful wel heren me, And than thu wilt thou shalt me se.whenever you want A rof shal hile us bothe o nith,cover at night That none of mine, clerk ne knith, No sholen thi wif no shame bedeoffer cause line2085No more than min, so God me rede!”counsel

He dide unto the borw bringe Sone anon, al with joiinge,rejoicing His wif and his sergaunz thre,men-at-arms The beste men that mouthe be. line2090The first nith he lay ther inne, Hise wif and his serganz thrinne,three Aboute the middel of the nith Wok Ubbe and saw a mikel lithWoke In the bowr thar Havelok layroom where line2095Al so brith so it were day.As bright

Deus!” quoth Ubbe, “Hwat may this be? Betere is I go miself and se Hwether he sitten now and wesseylen,is partying Or ani sotshipe to deyle,foolishness take part in line2100This tid nithes also foles;time of night Than birthe men casten hem in polesit behooves pools Or in a grip, or in the fenditch mud Now ne sitten none but wicke men, Glotuns, revres, or wicke theves,robbers line2105Bi Crist that alle folk onne leves!”believe in

He stod and totede in at a bordpeered in Her he spak anilepi wordspoke a single And saw hem slepen faste ilkon And lye stille so the ston; line2110And saw al that mikel lithlight Fro Havelok cam that was so brith. Of his mouth it com il del — That was he war ful swithe wel.aware of Deus,” quoth he, “Hwat may this mene!” line2115He calde bothe arwe men and kene,called shy bold Knithes and serganz swithe sleie,cunning Mo than an hundred, withuten leye,More lie And bad hem alle comen and se Hwat that selcuth mithe be.marvel line2120Als the knithes were comen alle,When Ther Havelok lay ut of the halle,out So stod ut of his mouth a glem,issued from gleam Rith al swilk so the sunne-bem,Just like That al so lith was thare, bi hevene, line2125So ther brenden serges seveneAs if seven candles burned And an hundred serges okalso That durste I sweren on a book!they dared He slepen faste, alle five,soundly So he weren brouth of live;As if dead line2130And Havelok lay on his lift side,left In his armes his brithe bride: Bi the pappes he leyen naked —Down to the breast So faire two weren nevere maked In a bed to lyen samen.together line2135The knithes thouth of hem god gamen,sport Hem for to shewe and loken to.observe Rith al so he stoden alle so,Just as And his bac was toward hem wend,turned So weren he war of a croiz ful gentcross line2140On his right shuldre swithe brith, so bright Brithter than gold ageyn the lith, So that he wiste, heye and lowe,knew That it was kunrik that he sawe. mark of exalted birth It sparkede and ful brith shonsparkled line2145So doth the gode charbuncle ston As That men see mouthe se by the lith A peni chesen, so was it brith.penny to pick out (choose) Thanne bihelden he him faste, So that he knewen at the laste line2150That he was Birkabeynes sone, That was here king, that was hem woneWho their [to] them wont Wel to yeme and wel weregovern protect Ageynes uten-laddes here —foreign army “For it was nevere yet a brotherthere was line2155In al Denemark so lich another,like So this man, that is so fayr,As Als Birkabeyn; he is hise eyr.”As his heir

He fellen sone at hise fet.They fell Was non of hem that he ne gretgreeted line2160Of joye he weren alle so fawenglad So he him haveden of erthe drawen.As if risen from the grave Hise fet he kisten an hundred sythestimes The tos, the nayles, and the lithes —tips So that he bigan to wakne line2165And wit hem ful sore to blakne,go blank (become pale) For he wende he wolden him slo,they Or elles binde him and do wo.

Quoth Ubbe, “Louerd, ne dred thee nowth, Me thinkes that I se thi thouth. line2170Dere sone, wel is me That I thee with eyn se. Manred, louerd, bede I thee —Homage offer Thi man auht I ful wel to be; For thu art comen of Birkabeyn, line2175That havede mani knith and sweyn, And so shalt thou, louerd, have: Thou thou be yet a ful yung knave Thou shalt be King of al Denemark Was ther inne never non so stark.strong [as you] line2180Tomorwen shaltu manrede takeswear fealty Of the brune and of the blake,dark light Of alle that aren in this tun,town (fortified place) Bothe of erl and of barun, And of dreng and of thaynretainer vassal line2185And of knith and of sweyn. And so shaltu ben mad knithknight Wit blisse, for thou art so with.”strong

Tho was Havelok swithe blithe,very glad And thankede God ful fele sithe.many times line2190On the morwen, wan it was lith, And gon was thisternesse of the nith,darkness night Ubbe dide upon a stede A ladde lepe, and thider bede Erles, barouns, drenges, theynes,vassals, thanes line2195Klerkes, knithes, burgeys, sweynes, citizens That he sholden comen anon Biforen him sone everilkon,everyone Al so he loven here livestheir And here children and here wives.

line2200His bode ne durste he non atsittecommand refuse That he ne neme for to wite,went know Sone hwat wolde the justise;wanted And bigan anon to rise And seyde sone, “Lithes me,Listen to me line2205Alle samen, theu and fre,together, slave noble A thing ich wile you here shauwe That ye alle ful wel knawe. Ye witen wel that al this lond Was in Birkabeynes hond line2210The day that he was quic and ded, And how that he, bi youre redadvice Bitauhte hise children threEntrusted Godard to yeme, and al his fe.protect property Havelok his sone he him tauhte line2215And hise two douhters and al his auhte.possessions Alle herden ye him swere On bok and on messe gerevestments That he shulde yemen hem wel,protect Withuten lac, withuten tel.Without fault deceit (reproach)

line2220He let his oth all overgooath he disregarded Evere wurthe him yvel and wo!become him evil For the maydnes here lif Refte he bothen with a knif, And him shulde ok have slawen — line2225The knif was at his herte drawen. But God him wolde wel have save: He havede rewnesse of the knavepity boy So that he with his hendhands Ne drop him nouth, that sori fend! killed sorry fiend (villain) line2230But sone dide he a fishereforced fisherman Swithe grete othes swere, That he sholde drenchen himdrown In the se, that was ful brim.wild Hwan Grim saw that he was so fayr, line2235And wiste he was the rith eir,knew rightful heir Fro Denemark ful sone he fledde Intil Englond and ther him fedde Mani winter that til this day Haves he ben fed and fostred ay.brought up line2240Lokes hware he stondes her!Look In al this werd ne haves he perworld peer Non so fayr, ne non so long,tall Ne non so mikel, ne non so strong.great In this middelerd nis no knithearth line2245Half so strong ne half so with. Bes of him ful glad and blithe,Be And cometh alle hider swithe, Manrede youre louerd for to make,Homage to Bothe brune and the blake line2250I shal miself do first the gamen ceremonial honor And ye sithen alle samen.”together O knes ful fayre he him sette —On very Mouthe nothing him ther fro lette,Might from that prevent And bicam is man rith thare,became his there line2255That alle sawen that there ware.were

After him stirt up laddes ten And bicomen hise men, And sithen everilk a barouneach That evere weren in al that toun, line2260And sithen drenges, and sithen thaynesservants And sithen knithes, and sithen sweynes; So that, or that day was gon,before done In al the tun ne was nouth onnot one That it ne was his man bicomen — line2265Manrede of alle havede he nomen.Oaths of loyalty they taken

Hwan he havede of hem alle Manrede taken in the halle,Fealty Grundlike dide he hem swereSolemnly That he sholden him god feyth berefaith line2270Ageynes alle that woren on live;Towards Ther-yen ne wolde never on strive,against that never a one would oppose That he ne maden sone that oth — Riche and poure, lef and loth. Hwan that was maked, sone he sende line2275Ubbe writes fer and hende,writs far and near After alle that castel yemede,governed Burwes, tunes, sibbe an fremdesiblings and kinsmen That thider sholden comen switheimmediately Til him and heren tithandes blitheTo good news line2280That he hem alle shulde telle. Of hem ne wolde nevere on dwelle,delay That he ne come sone plattinde;hurrying Hwo hors ne havede, com gangande.Whoever had no horse walking So that withinne a fourtenithfortnight (two weeks) line2285In al Denemark ne was no knith, Ne conestable, ne shireve,sheriff That com of Adam and of Eve, That he ne com biforn sire Ubbe He dredden him so thef doth clubbe.They feared as thief line2290Hwan he haveden alle the king gretthey greeted And he weren alle dun-set,seated Tho seyde Ubbe, “Lokes hereLook Ure louerd swithe dere,Our That shal ben king of al the lond line2295And have us alle under hond,in control For he is Birkabeynes sone, The king that was umbe stonde woneformerly accustomed Us for to yemen and wel weregovern defend With sharp swerd and longe spere. line2300Lokes now, hw he is fayr: Sikerlike he is hise eyr.Surely heir Falles alle to his fet — Bicomes hise men ful sket.”quickly He weren for Ubbe swithe adrad line2305And dide sone al that he bad. And yet he deden sumdel more: O bok ful grundlike he sworeOn gravely That he sholde with him halde,remain loyal Bothe ageynes stille and boldetimid line2310That evere wolde his bodi dere.harm That dide he hem o boke swere.

Hwan he havede manrede and oth Taken of lef and of loth,dear ones hostile ones Ubbe dubbede him to knith line2315With a swerd ful swithe brith, And the folk of al the lond Bitauhte him al in his hond,Entrusted them The cunnriche everil delkingdom And made him king heylike and wel.solemnly line2320Hwan he was king, ther mouthe men se The moste joye that mouhte be — Buttinge with sharpe speres,Thrusting Skirming with talevaces that men beres,Fencing swords Wrastling with laddes, putting of ston,shot-putting line2325Harping and piping, ful god won,a great amount Leyk of mine, of hasard ok,Game of backgammon dice also Romanz reding on the bok. Ther mouthe men here the gestes singe,tales The glewmen on the tabour dinge.minstrels drum beat line2330Ther moutthe men se the boles beyte,bulls baited And the bores, with hundes teyte. dogs lively Tho mouhte men se everil glew;every type of sport Ther mouthe men se hw grim grew —excitement Was nevere yete joye more line2335In al this werd than tho was thore.world then Ther was so mikel yeft of clothes much giving away That, thou I swore you grete othes, I ne wore nouth ther of trod.believed That may I ful wel swere, bi God! line2340There was swithe gode metes And of wyn that men fer fetes,wine bring from far away Rith al so mik and gret plentémuch abundant So it were water of the se. The feste fourti dawes satfeast days lasted line2345So riche was nevere non so that. The king made Roberd there knith, That was ful strong and ful with, And Willam Wendut hec, his brother,also And Huwe Raven, that was that other, line2350And made hem barouns alle thre, And yaf hem lond and other fe,property So mikel that ilker twenti knihtes each one Havede of genge, dayes and nithes.Had in his company

Hwan that feste was al don, line2355A thusand knihtes ful wel o bonequipped Withheld the king with him to lede, That ilkan havede ful god stede,that each one had Helm and sheld, and brinie brith,coat of mail And al the wepne that fel to knith.were appropriate line2360With hem ek five thusand godegood Sergaunz that weren to fyht wodeeager Withheld he al of his gengecompany Wile I namore the storie lenge.lengthen Yet hwan he havede of al the lond line2365The casteles alle in his hond, And conestables don therinne,castle wardens placed He swor he ne sholde never blinnestop Til that he were of Godard wreken,avenged That ich have of ofte speken. line2370Half hundred knithes dede he calle, And hise fif thusand sergaunz alle, And dide sweren on the bok Sone, and on the auter ok,altar also That he ne sholde nevere blinne,stop line2375Ne for love ne for sinne, Til that he haveden Godard funde And brouth biforn him faste bunde.bound

Thanne he haveden swor this oth,When they sworn Ne leten he nouth, for lef ne loth, line2380That he foren swithe rathewent very quickly Ther he was, unto the pathe Ther he yet on hunting for, With mikel genge and swithe stor.strong retainers very proud Robert, that was of all the ferdarmy line2385Mayster, girt was wit a swerd, And sat upon a ful god stede, That under him rith wolde wede.would gallop powerfully He was the firste that with Godard Spak, and seyde, “Hede, cavenard! Halt, villain line2390Wat dos thu here at this pathe? Cum to the king swithe and rathe!soon That sendes he thee word and bedes,orders That thu thenke what thou him dedes Whan thu reftes with a knifdeprived line2395Hise sistres here liftheir lives And sithen bede thou in the seordered Drenchen him — that herde he! He is to thee swithe grim;angry Cum nu swithe unto him line2400That king is of this kunerike,kingdom Thou fule man, thou wicke swike!traitor And he shal yelde thee thy mede,reward Bi Crist that wolde on Rode blede!”Cross

Hwan Godard herde that he ther thrette, line2405With the neve he Robert settefist struck Biforn the teth a dint ful strong.teeth blow And Robert kipt ut a knif longwhipped out And smot him thoru the rith arumarm Ther of was ful litel harum!harm

line2410Hwan his folk that saw and herde, Hwou Robert with here louerd ferde,their lord fared He haveden him wel ner browt of live,They [would] have murdered Ne weren his two brethren and othre fiveIf it were not for Slowen of here laddes ten, line2415Of Godardes altherbeste men.very best Hwan the othre sawen that, he fledden,others they And Godard swithe loude gredde:shouted “Mine knithes, hwat do ye? Sule ye thusgate fro me fle?in this way line2420Ich have you fed and yet shal fede — Helpe me nw in this nededifficulty And late ye nouth mi bodi spille,allow destroy Ne Havelok don of me hise wille! Yif ye it do, ye do you shameyourselves line2425And bringeth youself in mikel blame!”dishonor Hwan he that herden, he wenten ageyn,they returned And slowen a knit and a sweynknight Of the kinges oune men,own And woundeden abuten ten. line2430The kinges men, hwan he that sawe, Scuten on hem, heye and lowe,Struck them everywhere And everilk fot of hem he slowe, everyone But Godard one, that he flowe,alone whom he flayed So the thef men dos henge,Like line2435Or hund men shole in dike slenge.hound ditch sling He bunden him ful swithe faste, Hwil the bondes wolden laste, That he rorede als a boleroared bull That wore parred in an holeconfined line2440With dogges forto bite and beite.bait Were the bondes nouth to leitenot hard to find He bounden him so fele soreThey very sorely That he gan crien Godes ore,plead for grace That he sholde of his hend plette;cut off line2445Wolden he nouht ther fore lettestop That he ne bounden hond and fet. Datheit that on that ther fore let!Cursed be the one who hinders any of it But dunten him so man doth bere And keste him on a scabbed mere,threw mangy mare line2450Hise nese went unto the crice. nose arse So ledden he that ful swikethey led traitor Til he biforn Havelok was brouth, That he havede ful wo wrowht, Bothe with hungre and with cold line2455Or he were twel winter old,Before twelve And with mani hevi swink,much labor With poure mete and feble drink, And swithe wikke clothes,bad For al hise manie grete othes. line2460Nu beyes he his holde blame:pays for guilt Old sinne makes newe shame! Wan he was so shamelikeWhen Brouth biforn the king, the fule swike!foul traitor The king dede Ubbe swithe calle line2465Hise erles and hise barouns alle, Dreng and thein, burgeis and knith,Vassal thane And bad he sholden demen him rith,judge For he knew the swike dam;they treacherous fellow Everil del God was him gram!In every way [with] him angry line2470He setten hem dun bi the wawe, They set themselves wall Riche and pouere, heye and lowe, The helde men and ek the grom,old young And made ther the rithe domjudgment And seyden unto the king anon, line2475That stille sat so the ston: “We deme that he be al quic flawenflayed alive And sithen to the galwes drawethen At this foule mere tayl, mare’s Thoru his fet a ful strong nayl, line2480And thore ben henged wit two fetereschains And thare be writen thise leteres: ‘This is the swike that wende welthought The king have reft the lond ilk del,robbed of every part And hise sistres with a knif line2485Bothe refte here lif.’ This writ shal henge bi him thare. The dom is demd — seye we namore.”judgment decided Hwan the dom was demd and give, And he was wit the prestes shrive,absolved line2490And it ne mouhte ben non other,otherwise Ne for fader ne for brother, But that he sholde tharne lif,lose Sket cam a ladde with a knifQuickly And bigan rith at the totoe line2495For to ritte and for to flo;cut flay And he bigan tho for to rorecry out (roar) So it were grim or gore,Because gory That men mithe thethen a milefrom there Here him rore, that fule file!Hear foul wretch line2500The ladde ne let nowith forthi,stopped no wit They he criede, “Merci! Merci!”Although That ne flow him everil delflayed him every bit With knif mad of grunden stel. Thei garte bringe the mere sone,had prepared to bring the mare line2505Skabbed and ful ivele o bone,infirm And bunden him rith at hire tayl With a rop of an old seylsail And drowen him unto the galwes,dragged Nouth bi the gate but over the falwes,Not roadway fields line2510And henge him thore bi the halsneck Datheit hwo recke: he was fals!Cursed be any who cares

Thanne he was ded, that Sathanas, Sket was seysed al that his wasQuickly seized In the kinges hand ilk delevery bit line2515Lond and lith and other catel Land estates property And the king ful sone it yafgave Ubbe in the hond, wit a fayr staf,i.e., into Ubbe’s hands And seyde, “Her ich sayse theeinvest In al the lond, in al the fe . . . .” property line2520Tho swor Havelok he sholde make, Al for Grim, of monekes blake black monks A priorie to serven in aypriory forever Jhesu Crist, til ,Judgment Day For the god he havede him don line2525Hwil he was pouere and ivel o bon.infirm of body And ther of held he wel his oth,promise For he it made, God it woth,knows In the tun ther Grim was graven,buried That of Grim yet haves the name. line2530Of Grim bidde ich namore spelle.offer to tell But wan Godrich herde telle,when Of Cornwayle that was erl, That fule traytour, that mixed cherl!filthy man That Havelok King was of Denemark, line2535And ferde with him, strong and starkarmy Comen Engelond withinne,into England Engelond al for to winne; And that she that was so fayr,[Goldeboru] That was of Engelond rith eir,rightful heir line2540Was comen up at Grimesbi, He was ful sorful and sori, And seyde, “Hwat shal me to rathe?What is advisable for me to do Goddoth, I shal do slon hem bathe!have them both slain I shal don hengen hem ful heye line2545So mote ich brouke my rith eie,enjoy But yif he of mi londe fle.Unless out of Hwat! Wenden he deserite me?”Do they want to disinherit He dide sone ferd ut bidde,army called out That al that evere mouhte o stedemight on horse line2550Ride or helm on heved bere,helmet on head Brini on bac, and sheld and spere,Coat of mail on back Or ani other wepne bere, Hand-ax, sythe, gisarm, or spere,Battle axe, scythe, halberd Or aunlaz and god long knif,dagger line2555That als he lovede leme or lif,limb That they sholden comen him to, With ful god wepne yboren, so weapons borne To Lincolne, ther he lay, Of ,March line2560So that he couthe hem god thank;could well And yif that ani were so rankheadstrong That he thanne ne come anon,they He swor bi Crist and by Seint Johan, That he sholde maken him thral,slave line2565And al his ofspring forth withal.forfeit

The Englishe that herde that, Was non that evere his bode sat;command resisted For he him dredde swithe sore,they feared him So runcy spore, and mikle more.As the nag [fears] the spur line2570At the day he come sone That he hem sette, ful wel o bone,well-equipped To Lincolne with gode stedes,warhorses And al the wepne that knith ledes.weaponry carries Hwan he wore come, sket was the erl yareeager to hasten line2575Ageynes Denshe men to fare,Danish go And seyde, “Lythes nw alle samen!Listen now Have ich gadred you for no gamen,gathered play But ich wile seyen you forthi.want to Lokes hware here at Grimesbi line2580Hise uten laddes here comen,foreigners And haves nu the priorie numencaptured Al that evere mithen he finde, He brenne kirkes and prestes binde;burns churches He strangleth monkes and nunnes bothe — line2585Wat wile ye, frend, her-offe rede?advise Yif he regne thusgate longe,rules He moun us alle overgange,may overcome He moun us alle quic henge or slo,hang alive or kill Or thral maken and do ful wo line2590Or elles reve us ure livesrob us of our And ure children and ure wives. But dos nw als ich wile you lere,teach Als ye wile be with me dere.Just as faithful Nimes nu swithe forth and ratheset indeed line2595And helpes me and yuself bathe,both And slos upo the dogges swithe.strike at forcefully For shal I nevere more be blithe, Ne hoseled ben ne of prest shrivenconfessed absolved Til that he ben of londe driven.off line2600Nime we swithe and do hem fleGet going make them flee And folwes alle faste me!follow For ich am he of al the ferdarmy That first shal slo with drawen swerd. Datheyt hwo ne stonde fasteCursed be any who do not line2605Bi me hwil hise armes laste!” “Ye! lef, ye!” quoth the erl Gunter;dear one “Ya!” quoth the Erl of Cestre, Reyner.Chester And so dide alle that ther stode And stirte forth so he were wode.rushed as if they mad line2610Tho mouthe men se the brinies brihteThen On backes keste and lace rithe,thrown straightened The helmes heye on heved sette. To armes al so swithe plettehurried That thei wore on a litel stundetime line2615Grethet als men mithe telle a pund, Equipped count out a pound And lopen on stedes sone anon; And toward Grimesbi, ful god won,forcefully He foren softe bi the stiwent quietly by the road Til he come ney at Grimesbi.near to

line2620Havelok, that havede spired wellearned Of here fare, everil del,journey With all his ferd cam hem ageyn.army against them Forbar he nother knith ne sweyn:Spared The firste knith that he ther mette line2625With the swerd so he him grette,thus For his heved of he plettehead struck off Wolde he nouth for sinne lette.delay Roberd saw that dint so hendeskillful Wolde he nevere thethen wende,from there go line2630Til that he havede another slawen With the swerd he held ut drawen. Willam Wendut his swerd ut drow, And the thredde so sore he slowthird That he made upon the feld line2635His lift arm fleye with the swerd.left

Huwe Raven ne forgat nouth The swerd he havede thider brouth. He kipte it up, and smot ful soreraised An erl that he saw priken thorespurring [his horse] line2640Ful noblelike upon a stede, That with him wolde al quic wede.gallop He smot him on the heved so That he the heved clef a two.split in two And that bi the shudre bladeshoulder line2645The sharpe swerd let wadepass Thoru the brest unto the herte; The dint bigan ful sore to smerte,hurt That the erl fel dun anon Al so ded so ani ston.as dead as line2650Quoth Ubbe, “Nu dwelle ich to longe!”hesitate And let his stede sone gonge To Godrich, with a god spere, That he saw another bere; And smot Godrich and Godrich him, line2655Hetelike with herte grim,Bitterly So that he bothe felle dunethey To the erthe, first the croune.headfirst Thanne he woren fallen dun bothen,they Grundlike here swerdes he ut drowen,Violently line2660That weren swithe sharp and gode, And fouhten so thei woren wode That the swot ran fro the crunesweat To the fet right there adune. Ther mouthe men se to knicthes betetwo knights line2665Ayther on other dintes grete, So that with the altherleste dintsmallest Were al to-shivered a flint.Would all be smashed to pieces So was bitwenen hem a fiht Fro the morwen ner to the niht, line2670So that thei nouth ne blunneceased Til that to sette bigan the sunne. Tho yaf Godrich thorw the side Ubbe a wunde ful unride,ugly So that thorw that ilke woundevery line2675Havede ben brouth to grunde[He] would have And his heved al of slawen,cut off Yif God ne were and Huwe Raven,were not [there] That drow him fro Godrich aweypulled And barw him so that ilke day.saved very line2680But er he were fro Godrich drawen,before Ther were a thousind knihtes slawen Bi bothe halve and mo ynowe,sides plenty more Ther the ferdes togidere slowe,armies clashed Ther was swilk dreping of the folksuch killing line2685That on the feld was nevere a polkpool That it ne stod of blod so ful That the strem ran intil the hul.into the hollow (i.e., downhill) Tho tarst bigan Godrich to goThen first of all Upon the Danshe and faste to slo line2690And forthrith, also leun faresas a lion goes That nevere kines best ne spares,no kind [of] beast Thanne his gon, for he garte alle[the lion] is gone made The Denshe men biforn him falle. He felde browne, he felde blake, line2695That he mouthe overtake. Was nevere non that mouhte thavesurvive Hise dintes, noyther knith ne knave, That he felde so dos the gresfelled them as grass Biforn the sythe that ful sharp es. line2700Hwan Havelok saw his folk so brittenebroken And his ferd so swithe littene,very much reduced He cam drivende upon a stede,charging And bigan til him to grede,exhort And seyde, “Godrich, wat is thee,how is it with you line2705That thou fare thus with medo And mine gode knihtes slos? Sikerlike, thou misgos!Certainly do wrong Thou wost ful wel, yif thu wilt wite,understand That Athelwold thee dide siteset line2710On knes and sweren on messe bok,missal On caliz and on pateyn ok, chalice paten also That thou hise douhter sholdest yelde,[to] his yield Than she were wimman of elde,When age Engelond everil del.every part line2715Godrich the erl, thou wost it wel! Do nu wel withuten fiht Yeld hire the lond, for that is rith. Wile ich forgive thee the lathe,your hatred Al mi dede and al mi wrathe,dead [companions] anger line2720For I se thu art so withstrong And of thi bodi so god knith.” “That ne wile ich neveremo,” Quoth erl Godrich, “for ich shal slo Thee, and hire forhenge heye.hang high line2725I shal thrist ut thy rith eyethrust out That thou lokes with on me, But thu swithe hethen fle!”Unless quickly from here He grop the swerd ut sone anon, And hew on Havelok ful god won,forcefully line2730So that he clef his sheld on two.broke in two Hwan Havelok saw that shame do His bodi ther biforn his ferd,army He drow ut sone his gode swerd, And smote him so upon the crune line2735That Godrich fel to the erthe adune. But Godrich stirt up swithe sketquickly Lay ne nowth longe at hise fet — And smot him on the sholdre so That he dide thare undo line2740Of his brinie ringes mo Than that ich kan tellen fro,count up And woundede him rith in the flesh, That tendre was and swithe nesh,soft So that the blod ran til his to.toe line2745Tho was Havelok swithe wo,distressed That he havede of him drawen[Godrich] should have from Blod and so sore him slawen.wounded Hertelike til him he wenteVehemently to And Godrich ther fulike shente,foully injured line2750For his swerd he hof up heye,raised And the hand he dide of fleyefly off That he smot him with so sore — Hw mithe he don him shame more?

Hwan he havede him so shamed,When line2755His hand of plat and ivele lamed,cut off wickedly He tok him sone bi the necke Als a traitour, datheit who recke!As And dide him binde and fetere wel With gode feteres al of stel, line2760And to the quen he sende him, That birde wel to him ben grim,bride ought angry And bad she sholde don him getehave him guarded And that non ne sholde him bete,beat Ne shame do, for he was knith, line2765Til knithes haveden demd him rith.judged appropriately Than the Englishe men that sawe,saw that That thei wisten, heye and lawe,knew high and low That Goldeboru that was so fayr Was of Engelond rith eyr,rightful heir line2770And that the king hire havede wedded, And haveden been samen bedded, He comen alle to crie “Merci,”They Unto the king at one cri,in one voice And beden him sone manrede and othoffered homage line2775That he ne sholden, for lef ne loth,love hate Neveremore ageyn him go, Ne ride, for wel ne for wo.for weal nor for woe

The king ne wolde nouth forsakeneglect That he ne shulde of hem taketake from them line2780Manrede that he beden and okHomage they offered also Hold othes sweren on the bok.Loyalty oaths But or bad he that thider were brouthcommanded The quen for hem swilk was his thouththem For to se and forto shawe,observe line2785Yif that he hire wolde knawerecognize Thoruth hem witen wolde heunderstand Yif that she aucte quen to be.ought

Sixe erles weren sone yareeager After hire for to fare.go line2790He nomen onon and comen sone,set out immediately And brouthen hire, that under mone In al the werd ne havede perpeer Of hendeleik, fer ne ner.courtesy, far or near Hwan she was come thider, alle line2795The Englishe men bigunne falle O knes, and greten swithe sore,on And seyden, “Levedi, Kristes oremercy And youres! We haven misdo mikeldone much wrong That we ayen you have be fikel,against you have been disloyal line2800For Englond auhte for to benought to be Youres and we youre men. Is non of us, yung ne old, That he ne wot that AthelwoldWho does not know Was king of this kunerikekingdom line2805And ye his eyr, and that the swiketraitor Haves it halden with mikel wronge —held God leve him sone to honge!”grant hang

Quot Havelok, “Hwan that ye it wite,Since understand Nu wile ich that ye doune site; line2810And after Godrich haves wrouht,according as done That haves in sorwe himself brouth, Lokes that ye demen him rith,Make sure judge For dom ne spareth clerk ne knith,judgment And sithen shal ich understonde line2815Of you, after lawe of londe, Manrede and holde othes bothe,Homage loyalty oaths Yif ye it wilen and ek rothe.”counsel Anon ther dune he hem sette, For non the dom ne durste letteno one dared prevent line2820And demden him to binden fastejudged Upon an asse swithe unwraste,filthy Andelong, nouht overthwert,Endwise across His nose went unto the stertturned tail And so to Lincolne lede, line2825Shamelike in wicke wede,Shamefully in wretched clothes And, hwan he come unto the borw, Shamelike ben led ther thoru, Bi southe the borw unto a grene,south of That thare is yet, als I wene,still think line2830And there be bunden til a stake, Abouten him ful gret fir make, And al to dust be brend rith there.ashes burned And yet demden he ther more, Other swikes for to warne:traitors line2835That hise children sulde tharneshould lose Everemore that eritageheritage That his was, for hise utrage.crime (outrage)

Hwan the dom was demd and seyd,judgment Sket was the swike on the asse leyd, line2840And led him til that ilke greneto very And brend til asken al bidene.ashes right away Tho was Goldeboru ful blithe —then She thanked God fele sythemany times That the fule swike was brendburned line2845That wende wel hire bodi have shend;intended shamed And seyde, “Nu is time to take Manrede of brune and of blake,brown That ich se ride and go,Whom walk Nu ich am wreke of mi fo.”avenged upon

line2850Havelok anon manrede tok Of alle Englishe on the bok And dide hem grete othes swere That he sholden him god feyth bere Ageyn hem alle that woren lives line2855And that sholde ben born of wives.women

Thanne he haveden sikernessesurety Taken of more and of lesse,from high and low (socially) Al at hise wille, so dide he calle The Erl of Cestre and hise men alle,Chester line2860That was yung knith withuten wif,Who And seyde, “Sire erl, bi mi lif, And thou wile mi conseyl tro,If trust Ful wel shal ich with thee do;deal For ich shal yeve thee to wive line2865The fairest thing that is o live.alive That is Gunnild of Grimesby, Grimes douther, bi Seint Davy, Grim’s daughter That me forth broute and wel fedde,brought up And ut of Denemark with me fledde line2870Me for to burwe fro mi ded.rescue from death Sikerlike, thoru his red,advice Have ich lived into this day — Blissed worthe his soule ay!Blessed be always I rede that thu hire takecommand line2875And spuse and curteyse make,espouse For she is fayr and she is fre,noble And al so hende so she may be.as gracious as Ther tekene, she is wel with me;Moreover That shal ich ful wel shewe thee. line2880For ich wile give thee a givepromise That everemore, hwil ich live, For hire shaltu be with me dere,Because of you shall That wile ich that this folc al here.” The erl ne wolde nouth ageyn line2885The king be, for knith ne sweyn Ne of the spusing seyen nay,marriage But spusede that ilke day.same That spusinge was in god time maked, For it ne were nevere, clad ne naked, line2890In a thede samened twoland united That cam togidere, livede so So they diden al here live:their lives He geten samen sones five,They produced That were the beste men at nede line2895That mouthe riden on ani stede. Hwan Gunnild was to Cestre brouth, Havelok the gode ne forgat nouth Bertram, that was the erles kok,earl’s cook That he ne dide callen ok,also line2900And seyde, “Frend, so God me rede, Nu shaltu have riche mede,reward For wissing and thi gode dedeguidance That tu me dides in ful gret nede. For thanne I yede in mi cuvelcloak line2905And ich ne havede bred ne sowel.sauce Ne I ne havede no catel, Thou feddes and claddes me ful wel.clothes Have nu forthi of Cornwaylefor that reason The erldom ilk del, withuten fayle, line2910And al the lond that Godrich held, Bothe in towne and ek in feld; And ther-to wile ich that thu spuse,marry And fayre bring hire until huse,happily to Grimes douther, Levive the hende,gracious line2915For thider shal she with thee wende.go Hire semes curteys for to be, For she is fayr so flour on tre; The hew is swilk in hire lerhue face So the rose in roser,As rose bush line2920Hwan it is fayre sprad ut newe,blossomed Ageyn the sunne brith and lewe.”fresh And girde him sone with the swerd Of the erldom, biforn his ferd, And with his hond he made him knith, line2925And yaf him armes, for that was rith, And dide him there sone wedde Hire that was ful swete in bedde.

After that he spused wore,were married Wolde the Erl nouth dwelle thore,linger line2930But sone nam until his londwent to And seysed it al in his hondreceived And livede ther inne, he and his wif, An hundred winter in god lif, And gaten mani children samenproduced line2935And liveden ay in blisse and gamen.forever happiness Hwan the maidens were spused bothe, Havelok anon bigan ful rathe His Denshe men to feste welendow Wit riche landes and catel,property line2940So that he weren alle riche, For he was large and nouth chiche.generous stingy

Ther after sone, with his here,army For he to Lundone for to beretraveled wear Corune, so that it saweCrown line2945Henglishe ant Denshe, heye and lowe,and Hwou he it bar with mikel pride,How For his barnage that was unride.baronry prolific

The feste of his coruningat his coronation Lastede with gret joying line2950Fourti dawes and sumdel mo. Tho bigunnen the Denshe to goThen Danes Unto the king to aske leve;permission to leave And he ne wolde hem nouth greve, For he saw that he woren yarewere eager line2955Into Denemark for to fare;travel But gaf hem leve sone anon And bitauhte hem Seint Johan,entrusted And bad Ubbe, his justise,magistrate That he sholde on ilke wisein every way line2960Denemark yeme and gete sorule good That no pleynte come him to.complaint

Hwan he wore parted alle samen,they set out Havelok bilefte wit joye and gamenstayed behind with In Engelond and was ther-inne line2965Sixti winter king with winne,joy And Goldeboru Quen, that I wene So mikel love was hem bitwene That al the werd spak of hem two;world He lovede hir and she him so line2970That neyther owe mithe beanywhere Fro other, ne no joye seaway from But if he were togidere bothe.Unless they Nevere yete no weren he wrotheangry at each other For here love was ay newe —their always line2975Nevere yete wordes ne greweanger Bitwene hem hwar of ne lathehostile Mithe rise ne no wrathe.arise

He geten children hem bitwene Sones and doughtres rith fivetene,precisely fifteen line2980Hwar-of the sones were kinges alle,Of whom So wolde God it sholde bifalle, And the douhtres alle quenes: Him stondes wel that god child strenes! begets Nu have ye herd the gest al thorustory completely line2985Of Havelok and of Goldeboru Hw he weren boren and hw fedde,How they And hwou he woren with wronge leddewrongly In here youthe with trecherie, With tresoun, and with felounye;evil line2990And hwou the swikes haveden tihttraitors intended Reven hem that was here rith,To rob them And hwou he weren wreken wel, Have ich seyd you everil del. Forthi ich wolde biseken youTherefore beseech line2995That haven herd the rim nu,rhyme now That ilke of you, with gode wille, Saye a Pater Noster stillequietly For him that haveth the rym maked,rhyme And ther-fore fele nihtes waked,kept awake line3000That Jesu Crist his soule bringeSo that Biforn his Fader at his endinge.Before father

Amen