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Select Secular Lyrics of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries








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20   
In Praise of Women

I am as lyght as any roe
To preyse women wher that I goo.

To onpreyse women yt were a shame,
For a woman was thy dame;
Our Blessyd Lady beryth the name
Of all women wher that they goo.

A woman ys a worthy thyng -
They do the washe and do the wrynge:
"Lullay, lullay," she dothe thee synge,   
And yet she hath bot care and woo.

A woman ys a worthy wyght,
She servyth man both daye and nyght,
Therto she puttyth all her myght,
And yet she hathe bot care and woo.


Abuse of Women

Of all creatures women be best:
Cuius contrarium verum est.

In every place ye may well see,
That women be trewe as tirtyll on tree,
Not lyberall in langage, but ever in secree,
And gret joye amonge them ys for to be.
Cuius contrarium verum est.

The stedfastnes of women will never be don,
So jentyll, so curtes they be everychon,
Meke as a lambe, still as a stone,
Croked nor crabbed fynd ye none!
Cuius contrarium verum est.

Men be more cumbers a thowsandfold,
And I mervayll how they dare be so bold,
Agaynst women for to hold,
Seyng them so pascyent, softe and cold.
Cuius contrarium verum est.

For tell a women all your cownsayle,
And she can kepe it wonderly well;
She had lever go quyk to hell,
Than to her neyghbowr she wold it tell!
Cuius contrarium verum est.

For by women men be reconsiled,
For by women was never man begiled,
For they be of the condicion of curtes Gryzell
For they be so meke and mylde.
Cuius contrarium verum est.

Now say well by women or elles be still,
For they never displesed man by ther will;
To be angry or wroth they can no skill,
For I dare say they thynk non yll.
Cuius contrarium verum est.

Trow ye that women list to smater,
Or agaynst ther husbondes for to clater?
Nay, they had lever fast bred and water
Then for to dele is suche a mater.
Cuius contrarium verum est.

Thowgh all the paciens in the world were drownd,
And non were lefte here on the grownd,
Agayn in a woman it myght be fownd,
Suche vertu in them dothe abownd!
Cuius contrarium verum est.

To the tavern they will not goo,
Nor to the ale-hows never the moo,
For, God wot, ther hartes wold be woo,
To spende ther husbondes money soo.
Cuius contrarium verum est.

Yff here were a woman or a mayd,
That lyst for to go fresshely arayed,
Or with fyne kyrchers to go displayed,
Ye wold say, 'they be prowde!' It is yll said.
Cuius contrarium verum est.

Explicit


The Trials of Marriage

What, why dedyst thou wynk whan thou a wyf toke?
Thou haddest never mor ned brodde to loke!
A man that wedyth a wyfe whan he wynkyth,
But he star afterward, wonder me thynkyth!


Against Hasty Marriage, I

Know or thow knytte; prove or thow preyse yt.
Yf thou know er thou knyt, than mayst thou abate;
And yf thou knyt er thou knowe, than yt ys to late.
Therfore avyse thee er thou the knot knytte,
For "had y wyst" commeth to late for to lowse yt.1


Against Hasty Marriage, II

Man, bewar of thin wowynge
For weddyng is the longe wo.

Loke er thin herte be set;
Lok thou wowe er thou be knet;
And if thou se thou mow do bet,
Knet up the heltre and let her goo.

Wyvys be bothe stowte and bolde,
Her husbondes aghens hem durn not holde;
And if he do, his herte is colde,
Howsoevere the game go.

Wedowis be wol fals, iwys,
For they cun bothe halse and kys
Til onys purs pikyd is,
And they seyn, "Go, boy, goo!"

Of madenys I wil seyn but lytil,
For they be bothe fals and fekyl,
And under the tayle they ben ful tekyl;
A twenty devel name, let hem goo!


A Young and Henpecked Husband's Complaint

How! Hey! It is non les,
I dar not seyy quan che seyst "pes!"

Yyng men, I warne you everychon:
Elde wywys tak ye non;
For I myself have on at hom -
I dar not seyn quan che seyst "pes!"

Quan I cum fro the plow at non,
In a reven dych myn mete is don;
I dar not askyn our dame a spon -
I dar not seyn quan che seyst "pes!"

If I aske our dame bred,
Che takyt a staf and brekit myn hed,
And doth me rennyn under the bed -
I dar not seyn quan che seyst "pes!"

If I aske our dame fleych,
Che brekit myn hed with a dych,
"Boy, thou art not seyn woryth a reych!"
I dar not sey quan che seyst "pes!"

If I aske our dame chese
"Boy," che seyst, al at ese,
"Thou art not worth half a pese!"
I dar not sey quan che seyst "pes!"


A Henpecked Husband's Complaint

Care away, away, away -
Care away for evermore!

All that I may swynk or swet,
My wife it wyll both drynk and ete;
And I sey ought she wyl me bete -
Carfull ys my hart therfor!

If I sey ought of hyr but good,
She loke on me as she war wod,
And wyll me clought abought the hod -
Carfull ys my hart therfor!

If she wyll to the gud ale ryd,
Me must trot all be hyr syd;
And whan she drynk I must abyd -
Carfull ys my hart therfor!

If I say, "It shal be thus,"
She sey, "Thou lyyst, charll, iwous!
Wenest thou to overcome me thus?"
Carfull ys my hart therfor!

Yf ony man have such a wyfe to lede,
He schal know how judicare cam in the cred;
Of hys penans God do hym med!
Carfull ys my hart therfor!


Old Hogyn's Adventure

Hogyn cam to bowers dore -
Hogyn cam to bowers dore,
He tryld upon the pyn for love,
Hum, ha, trill go bell -
He tryld upon the pyn for love,
Hum, ha, trill go bell.

Up she rose and lett hym yn -
Up she rose and let hym yn,
She had a-went she had worshipped all her kyn,2
Hum, ha, trill go bell -
She had a-went she had worshipped all her kyn,
Hum, ha, trill go bell.

When thei were to bed browght -
Whan thei were to bed browght,
The old chorle he cowld do nowght,
Hum, ha, trill go bell -
The old chorle he cowld do nowght,
Hum, ha, trill go bell.

Go ye furth to yonder wyndow -
Go ye furth to yonder wyndow,
And I will cum to you within a throw,
Hum, ha, trill go bell -
And I will cum to you withyn a throw,
Hum, ha, trill go bell.

Whan she hym at the wyndow wyst -
Whan she hym at the wyndow wyst,
She torned owt her ars and that he kyst,
Hum, ha, trill go bell -
She torned owt her ars and that he kyst,
Hum, ha, trill go bell.

Ywys, leman, ye do me wrong -
Ywis, leman, ye do me wrong,
Or elles your breth ys wonder strong,
Hum, ha, trill go bell -
Or elles your breth ys wonder strong,
Hum, ha, trill go bell.
Explicit


I Have a Gentle Cock

I have a gentil cok,
Crowyt me day;
He doth me rysyn erly,
My matyins for to say.

I have a gentil cok,
Comyn he is of gret;
His comb is of reed corel,
His tayil is of get.

I have a gentyl cook,
Comyn he is of kynde;
His comb is of red corel,
His tayl is of inde.

His legges ben of asor,
So gentil and so smale;
His spores arn of sylver qwyt,
Into the wortewale.

His eynyn arn of cristal,
Lokyn al in aumbry;
And every nyght he perchit hym
In myn ladyis chaumbyr.


swift; deer; (see note)
wherever

unpraise; (see note)
mother




do the wash; wringing; (see note)
sing to/for you; (see note)
woe

person; (see note)
(see note)






are
Of whom the opposite is true; (see note)


turtledove; (see note)
excessive; secrecy; (see note)




each and every one

Cross; crabby


burdensome


seeing; patient


counsel

rather go alive





courteous Griselda; (see note)





have



Believe you; like; gossip; (see note)
chatter noisily; (see note)
fast [on]



(see note)
on earth




(see note)

God knows; woeful




desired; smartly dressed
kerchiefs; (see note)








(see note)
eyes wide open; (see note)

stares; (see note)




before; wed; praise; (see note)
stop
too
yourself before
(see note)




your wooing; (see note)
woe

before
woo; you wed
may do better
Tie; halter; (see note)

strong
Their; dare

However

Widows; for sure; (see note)
can; embrace; kiss
one's purse picked


(see note)
fickle
ticklish (loose)
them




lie; (see note)
I dare not speak when she says "peace!"; (see note)

Young
Old wives (i.e., widows); (see note)
one
when she

When; noon; (see note)
filthy dish; food
[for] a spoon


[for] bread
She; breaks; (see note)
makes; hide (run)
speak when she says

[for] meat (flesh)
dish
rush; (see note)


[for] cheese

pea





(see note)


work for; sweat; (see note)
eat
If; anything to the contrary; beat
Full of care

anything; her
as [if] she were crazy
clobber; head
(see note)

good ale[house] ride; (see note)
I; by her side
wait



You lie, churl, certainly
Do you expect; oppose


deal with
sentencing (condemnation); (see note)
penance; reward





bedchamber door; (see note)
(see note)
wiggled up and down; latch-pin
(see note)
(see note)




(see note)




(see note)

could; nothing




(see note)






When she realized he was at the window

kissed; (see note)




Truly, my love

breath








noble, well-bred; (see note)
[Who] crows for me in the morning
causes me to rise early
matins; (see note)

(see note)
He comes from a great lineage
red
tail; jet [black]


good birth
(see note)
indigo; (see note)

azure
graceful; slender
spurs; bright (white) silver; (see note)
Up to the root

eyes; crystal
Set; amber
perches himself; (see note)
lady's chamber

Select Bibliography to In Praise of Women

Manuscript

British Library MS Harley 4294, fol. 81a (early sixteenth century).


Printed Editions

Adamson, Margot Robert, ed. A Treasury of Middle English Verse. London: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1930. [A modern translation.]

Chambers, E. K., and F. Sidgwick, eds. Early English Lyrics: Amorous, Divine, Moral and Trivial. New York: October House, 1966; rpt. 1967.

Davies, R. T., ed. Medieval English Lyrics: A Critical Anthology. London: Faber & Faber, 1963. [Listed under the title "Women are Worthy."]

Greene, Richard Leighton, ed. The Early English Carols. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1935; rpt. 1977.

Kaiser, Rolf, ed. Medieval English: An Old and Middle English Anthology. West Berlin: Rolf Kaiser, 1954. [Listed under the title "To Onpreyse Wemen yt were a Shame."]

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952.

Tydeman, William, ed. English Poetry 1400-1580. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970.

Wright, Thomas, and James Orchard Halliwell, eds. Reliquiae Antiquae. Scraps from Ancient Manuscripts, Illustrating Chiefly Early English Literature and the English Language. 2 vols. London: John Russell Smith, 1845. Vol. 1, p. 275.


Indexed in

Cutler, John L., and Rossell Hope Robbins, eds. Supplement to the Index of Middle English Verse. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1965.

Utley, Francis Lee, ed. The Crooked Rib: An Analytical Index to the Argument about Women in English and Scots Literature to the End of the Year 1568. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1944.


Select Bibliography to Abuse of Women

Manuscripts

Balliol College Oxford MS 354, fol. 250a (early sixteenth century).

Bodleian Library MS Engl. Poet. e. I (SC 29734), fols. 55b-56a (c. 1480).


Printed Editions

Davies, R. T., ed. Medieval English Lyrics: A Critical Anthology. London: Faber & Faber, 1963. [Entitled "What Women are Not."]

Dyboski, Roman, ed. Songs, Carols and Other Miscellaneous Poems, from the Balliol MS. 354, Richard Hill's Commonplace-Book. EETS e.s. 101. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1908; rpt. 1937.

Flügel, Eward. "Liedersammlungen des XVI. Jahrhunderts, Besonders aus der Zeit Heinrichs VIII." Anglia 26. Halle: Max Niemeyer, 1903. Pp. 94-285.

Greene, Richard Leighton, ed. The Early English Carols. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1935; rpt. 1977.

---. A Selection of English Carols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962.

Kaiser, Rolf, ed. Medieval English: An Old English and Middle English Anthology. West Berlin: Rolf Kaiser, 1954.

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952.

Wright, Thomas, ed. Song and Carols: Now, First Printed, from a Manuscript of the Fifteenth Century. London: Printed for the Percy Society by Richards, 1847.


Indexed in

Brown, Carleton, and Rossell Hope Robbins, eds. The Index of Middle English Verse. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943. [Index #1485]

Utley, Francis Lee, ed. The Crooked Rib: An Analytical Index to the Argument about Women in English and Scots Literature to the End of the Year 1568. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1944. [Index # 136]


Select Bibliography to The Trials of Marriage

Manuscript

Bodleian Library MS Engl. Poet. e. I (SC 29734), fol. 26a (c. 1480).


Printed Editions

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952.

Wright, Thomas, ed. Songs and Carols: Now, First Printed, from a Manuscript of the Fifteenth Century. London: Printed for the Percy Society by Richards, 1847.


Indexed in

Brown, Carleton, and Rossell Hope Robbins, eds. The Index of Middle English Verse. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943. [Index # 2049, 3919, 2056, 1354]


Select Bibliography to Against Hasty Marriage, I

Manuscript

Bodleian Library MS Digby 196 (SC 1797), fol. 20a (late fourteenth century).


Printed Editions

Greene, Richard Leighton, ed. The Early English Carols. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1935; rpt. 1977.

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952


Indexed in

Brown, Carleton, and Rossell Hope Robbins, eds. The Index of Middle English Verse. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943. [Index #1829]


Select Bibliography to Against Hasty Marriage, II

Manuscript

British Library MS Sloane 2593, fol. 9b (c. 1440).


Printed Editions

Greene, Richard Leighton, ed. The Early English Carols. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1935; rpt. 1977.

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952.

Wright, Thomas, ed. Songs and Carols: Now, First Printed, from a Manuscript of the Fifteenth Century. London: Printed for the Percy Society by Richards, 1847.


Select Bibliography to A Young and Henpecked Husband's Complaint

Manuscript

British Library MS Sloane 2593, fols. 24b-25a (c. 1440).


Printed Editions

Chambers, E. K., and F. Sidgwick, eds. Early English Lyrics: Amorous, Divine, Moral and Trivial. New York: October House, 1966; rpt. 1967.

Greene, Richard Leighton, ed. A Selection of English Carols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962.

---. The Early English Carols. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1935; rpt. 1977.

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Wright, Thomas, ed. Songs and Carols: Now, First Printed, from a Manuscript of the Fifteenth Century. London: Printed for the Percy Society by Richards, 1847.


Indexed in

Brown, Carleton, and Rossell Hope Robbins, eds. The Index to Middle English Verse. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943. [Index #4279]

Utley, Francis Lee, ed. The Crooked Rib: An Analytical Index to the Argument about Women in English and Scots Literature to the End of the Year 1568. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1944. [Index #401]


Select Bibliography to A Henpecked Husband's Complaint

Manuscript

Bodleian Library MS Engl. Poet. e. I (SC 29734), fols. 23a-23b (c. 1480).


Printed Editions

Auden, W. H., ed. The Oxford Book of Light Verse. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1938.

Chambers, E. K., and F. Sidgwick, eds. Early English Lyrics: Amorous, Divine, Moral and Trivial. New York: October House, 1966; rpt. 1967.

Fitzgibbon, H. M., ed. Early English and Scottish Poetry, 1250-1600. London: W. Scott, 1888.

Greene, Richard Leighton, ed. The Early English Carols. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1935; rpt. 1977.

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics: Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Masters, J. E., ed. Rymes of the Minstrels. Shaftsbury: High House Press, 1927.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952.

Wright, Thomas, ed. Songs and Carols: Now, First Printed, from a Manuscript of the Fifteenth Century. London: Printed for the Percy Society by Richards, 1847.


Indexed in

Brown, Carleton, and Rossell Hope Robbins, eds. The Index of Middle English Verse. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943. [Index #210]

Utley, Francis Lee, ed. The Crooked Rib: An Analytical Index to the Argument about Women in English and Scots Literature to the End of the Year 1568. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1944. [Index # 20]


Select Bibliography to Old Hogyn's Adventure

Manuscript

Balliol College Oxford MS 354, fol. 249b (early sixteenth century).


Printed Editions

Dyboski, Roman, ed. Songs, Carols and Other Miscellaneous Poems, from the Balliol MS. 354, Richard Hill's Commonplace-Book. EETS e.s. 101. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1908; rpt. 1937.

Flügel, Eward. "Liedersammlungen des XVI. Jahrhunderts, Besonders aus der Zeit Heinrichs VIII." Anglia 26. Halle: Max Niemeyer, 1903. Pp. 273-74.

Greene, Richard Leighton, ed. The Early English Carols. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1935; rpt. 1977.

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Second edition Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955.

Tydeman, William. English Poetry 1400-1580. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970.


Select Bibliography to I Have a Gentle Cock

Manuscript

British Library MS Sloane 2593, fol. 10b (c. 1440).


Printed Editions

Chambers, E. K., and F. Sidgwick, eds. Early English Lyrics: Amorous, Divine, Moral and Trivial. New York: October House, 1966; rpt. 1967.

Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Nun's Priest's Tale. Ed. Kenneth Sisam. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1927.

Cook, Albert Stanburrough. A Literary Middle English Reader. Boston: Ginn & Co., 1915; rpt. 1943.

Davies, R. T., ed. Medieval English Lyrics: A Critical Anthology. London: Faber & Faber, 1963.

Duncan, Thomas, ed. Medieval English Lyrics 1200-1400. London: Penguin Books, 1995.

Luria, Maxwell S., and Richard L. Hoffman. Middle English Lyrics; Authoritative Texts, Critical and Historical Backgrounds, Perspectives on Six Poems. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.

Robbins, Rossell Hope, ed. Secular Lyrics of the XIVth and XVth Centuries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952.

Silverstein, Theodore, ed. Medieval English Lyrics. London: Edward Arnold, 1971.

Tydeman, William. English Poetry 1400-1580. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970.

Wright, Thomas, ed. Songs and Carols: Now, First Printed, from a Manuscript of the Fifteenth Century. London: Printed for the Percy Society by Richards, 1847.


Indexed in

Brown, Carleton, and Rossell Hope Robbins, eds. The Index of Middle English Verse. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943. [Index #1299]