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He that made us on the mulde, And fair fourmet the folde, Atte His will, as He wold,    The see and the sande, Giffe hom joy that will here Of dughti men and of dere, Of haldurs that before us were,    That lifd in this londe. One was Arther the Kinge, Wythowtun any letting; Wyth him was mony lordinge    Hardi of honde. Wice and war ofte thay were, Bold undur banere, And wighte weppuns wold were,    And stifly wold stond. This is no fantum ne no fabull; Ye wote wele of the Rowun Tabull, Of prest men and priveabull,    Was holdun in prise: Chevetan of chivalry, Kyndenesse and curtesy, Hunting full warly,    As wayt men and wise. To the forest thay fare To hunte atte buk and atte bare, To the herte and to the hare,    That bredus in the rise. The King atte Carlele he lay; The hunter cummys on a day - Sayd, "Sir, ther walkes in my way    A well grim gryse. "He is a balefull bare - Seche on segh I nevyr are: He hase wroghte me mycull care    And hurte of my howundes, Slayn hom downe slely Wyth feghting full furcely. Wasse ther none so hardi    Durste bide in his bandus. On him spild I my spere And mycull of my nothir gere. Ther moue no dintus him dere,    Ne wurche him no wowundes. He is masly made - All offellus that he bade. Ther is no bulle so brade    That in frith foundes. "He is hegher thenne a horse, That uncumly corse; In fayth, him faylis no force    Quen that he schalle feghte! And therto, blake as a bere, Feye folk will he fere: Ther may no dyntus him dere,    Ne him to dethe dighte. Quen he quettus his tusshes, Thenne he betus on the busshes: All he rives and he russhes,    That the rote is unryghte. He hase a laythelych luffe: Quen he castus uppe his stuffe, Quo durst abide him a buffe,    Iwisse he were wighte." He sais, "In Ingulwode is hee." The tother biddus, "Lette him bee. We schall that Satnace see,    Giffe that he be thare." The King callut on knyghtis thre: Himselvun wold the fuyrthe be. He sayd, "There schalle no mo mené    Wynde to the bore." Bothe Kay and Sir Gauan And Bowdewynne of Bretan, The hunter and the howundus squayn    Hase yarket hom yare. The Kinge hase armut him in hie, And tho thre buirnes hym bie; Now ar thay fawre alle redie,    And furthe conne thay fare. Unto the forest thay weynde That was hardy and heynde. The hunter atte the northe ende    His bugull con he blaw, Uncoupult kenettis as he couthe; Witturly thay soghte the southe - Raches wyth opon mouthe    Rennyng on a raw Funde fute of the bore, Faste folutte to him thore. Quen that he herd, he hade care;    To the denne conne he draw: He sloghe hom downe slely Wyth feghting full fuyrsly; But witte ye, sirs, witturly,    He stode butte litull awe. Thay held him fast in his hold; He brittunt bercelettus bold, Bothe the yunge and the old,    And rafte hom the rest. The raches comun rennyng him by, And bayet him full boldely, Butte ther was non so hardy    Durste on the fynde fast. Thenne the hunter sayd, "Lo, him thare! Yaw thar, such him no mare! Now may ye sone to him fare;    Lette see quo dose beste. Yaw thar, such him nevyr more! Butte sette my hed opon a store Butte giffe he flaey yo all fawre,    That griselich geste!" Thenne the hunter turnes home agayn. The King callut on Sir Gauan, On Bawdewin of Bretan,    And on kene Kay. He sayd, "Sirs, in your cumpany, Myne avow make I: Were he nevyr so hardy,    Yone Satenas to say - To brittun him and downe bringe, Wythoute any helpinge, And I may have my levynge    Hen till tomorne atte day! And now, sirs, I cummaunde yo To do as I have done nowe: Ichone make your avowe."    Gladdely grawuntutte thay. Then unsquarut Gauan And sayd godely agayn, "I avowe, to Tarne Wathelan,    To wake hit all nyghte." "And I avow," sayd Kaye, "To ride this forest or daye, Quoso wernes me the waye,    Hym to dethe dighte." Quod Baudewyn, "To stynte owre strife, I avow bi my life Nevyr to be jelus of my wife,    Ne of no birde bryghte; Nere werne no mon my mete Quen I gode may gete; Ne drede my dethe for no threte    Nauthir of king ner knyghte."    Butte now thay have thayre vowes made, Thay buskutte hom and furth rade To hold that thay heghte hade,    Ichone sere way. The King turnus to the bore; Gauan, wythoutun any more, To the tarne con he fore,    To wake hit to day. Thenne Kay, as I conne roune, He rode the forest uppe and downe. Boudewynne turnes to toune    Sum that his gate lay, And sethun to bed bownus he; Butte carpe we now of ther othir thre, How thay prevyd hor wedde-fee,    The sothe for to say. Furst, to carpe of oure Kinge, Hit is a kyndelich thinge - Atte his begynnyng,    Howe he dedde his dede. Till his houndus con he hold; The bore, wyth his brode schilde, Folut hom fast in the filde    And spillutte hom on gode spede. Then the Kinge con crye, And carputte of venerie To make his howundus hardi -    Hovut on a stede. Als sone as he come thare, Agaynus him rebowndet the bare: He se nevyr no syghte are    So sore gerutte him to drede. He hade drede and doute Of him that was stirrun and stowte; He began to romy and rowte,    And gapes and gones. Men myghte noghte his cowch kenne For howundes and for slayn men That he hade draun to his denne    And brittunt all to bonus. Thenne his tusshes con he quette, Opon the Kinge for to sette; He liftis uppe, wythoutun lette,    Stokkes and stonis. Wyth wrathe he begynnus to wrote: He ruskes uppe mony a rote Wyth tusshes of thre fote,    So grisly he gronus. Thenne the Kinge spanos his spere Opon that bore for to bere; Ther may no dyntus him dere,    So sekir was his schilde. The grete schafte that was longe All to spildurs hit spronge; The gode stede that was stronge    Was fallun in the filde. As the bore had mente, He gave the King such a dinte, Or he myghte his bridull hente,    That he myghte evyr hit fele. His stede was stonet starke ded: He sturd nevyr owte of that sted. To Jhesu a bone he bede,    Fro wothes hym weylde. Thenne the King in his sadul sete, And wightely wan on his fete. He prays to Sayn Margarete    Fro wathes him ware; Did as a dughty knyghte - Brayd oute a brand bryghte And heve his schild opon highte,    For spild was his spere. Sethun he buskette him yare, Squithe, wythoutun any mare, Agaynus the fynde for to fare    That hedoes was of hiere. So thay cowunturt in the fild: For all the weppuns that he myghte weld, The bore brittunt his schild    On brest he conne bere. There downe knelus he And prayus till Him that was so fre: "Send me the victoré!    This Satanas me sekes." All wroth wex that sqwyne, Blu, and brayd uppe his bryne; As kylne other kechine,    Thus rudely he rekes. The Kynge myghte him noghte see, Butte lenyt hym doune bi a tree, So nyghe discumford was hee    For smelle other smekis. And as he neghet bi a noke, The King sturenly him stroke, That both his brees con blake;    His maistry he mekes. Thus his maistry mekes he Wyth dyntus that werun dughté. Were he nevyr so hardé,1    Thus bidus that brothe. The Kinge, wyth a nobull brande, He mette the bore comande: On his squrd, till his hande,    He rennes full rathe. He bare him inne atte the throte: He hade no myrth of that mote - He began to dotur and dote    Os he hade keghet scathe. Wyth sit siles he adowne. To brittun him the King was bowne, And sundurt in that sesun    His brode schildus bothe. The King couthe of venery: Colurt him full kyndely. The hed of that hardy    He sette on a stake. Sethun brittuns he the best As venesun in forest; Bothe the thonge and lees    He hongus on a noke. There downe knelys hee That loves hur that is free; Sayd, "This socur thou hase send me    For thi Sune sake!" If he were in a dale depe, He hade no knyghte him to kepe. Forwerré, slidus he on slepe:    No lengur myghte he wake. The King hase fillut his avowe. Of Kay carpe we nowe - How that he come for his prowe    Ye schall here more. Als he rode in the nyghte In the forest he mette a knyghte Ledand a birde bryghte;    Ho wepputte wundur sore. Ho sayd, "Sayn Maré myghte me spede And save me my madunhede, And giffe the knyghte for his dede    Bothe soro and care!" Thus ho talkes him tille Quille ho hade sayd all hur wille; And Kay held him full stille,    And in the holte hoves. He prekut oute prestely And aurehiet him radly, And on the knyghte conne cry,    And pertely him reproves, And sayd, "Recraiand knyghte, Here I profur the to fighte Be chesun of that biurde brighte!    I bede the my glovus." The tother unsquarut him wyth skille And sayd, "I am redy atte thi wille That forward to fulfille    In alle that me behovus." "Now, quethen art thou?" quod Kay, "Or quethur is thou on way? Thi righte name thou me say!    Quere wan thou that wighte?" The tother unsquarut him agayn: "Mi righte name is noghte to layn: Sir Menealfe of the Mountayn    My gode fadur highte. And this Lady sum I the telle: I fochet hur atte Ledelle, Ther hur frindus con I felle    As foes in a fighte. So I talket hom tille That muche blode conne I spille, And all agaynus thayre awne wille    There wan I this wighte." Quod Kay, "The batell I take Be chesun of the birdus sake, And I schalle wurch the wrake" -    And sqwithely con squere. Thenne thay rode togedur ryghte As frekes redy to fighte Be chesun of that birde bryghte,    Gay in hor gere. Menealfe was the more myghty: He stroke Kay stifly - Witte ye, sirs, witturly -    Wyth a scharpe spere. All toschildurt his schilde, And aure his sadull gerut him to held, And felle him flatte in the filde,    And toke him uppeon werre. Thus hase he wonun Kay on werre, And all tospild is his spere, And mekill of his othir gere    Is holden to the pees. Thenne unsquarut Kay agayn And sayd, "Sir, atte Tarne Wathelan Bidus me Sir Gauan,    Is derwurthe on dese; Wold ye thethur be bowne Or ye turnut to the towne, He wold pay my rawunsone    Wythowtyn delees." He sayd, "Sir Kay, thi lyfe I the heghte For a cowrce of that knyghte!" Yette Menealfe, or the mydnyghte,    Him ruet all his rees. Thus thay turnut to the Torne Wyth the thrivand thorne. Kay callut on Gauan yorne;    Asshes, "Quo is there?" He sayd, "I, Kay, that thou knawes That owte of tyme bostus and blawus; Butte thou me lese wyth thi lawes,    I lif nevyr more. For as I rode in the nyghte, In the forest I mette a knyghte Ledand a birde bryghte;    Ho wepput wundur sore. There togedur faghte we Be chesun of that Lady free; On werre thus hase he wonun me,    Gif that me lothe ware. "This knyghte that is of renowun Hase takyn me to presowun, And thou mun pay my rawunsun,    Gawan, wyth thi leve." Then unsquarutte Gauan And sayd godely agayn, "I wille, wundur fayne:    Quatt schall I geve?" "Quen thou art armut in thi gere, Take thi schild and thi spere And ride to him a course on werre;    Hit schall the noghte greve." Gauan asshes, "Is hit soe?" - The tother knyght grauntus, "Yoe"; He sayd, "Then togedur schull we goe    Howsumevyr hit cheve!" And these knyghtus kithun hor crafte, And aythir gripus a schafte Was als rude as a rafte;    So runnun thay togedur. So somun conne thay hie That nauthir scaput forbye; Gif Menealfe was the more myghtie,    Yette dyntus gerut him to dedur: He stroke him sadde and sore. Squithe squonut he thore; The blonke him aboute bore,    Wiste he nevyr quedur. Quod Kay, "Thou hase that thou hase soghte! Mi raunnsun is all redy boghte; Gif thou were ded, I ne roghte!    Forthi come I hedur." Thus Kay scornus the knyghte, And Gauan rydus to him ryghte. In his sadul sette him on highte,    Speke gif he may. Of his helme con he draw, Lete the wynde on him blaw; He speke wyth a vois law -    "Delyveryt hase thou Kay. Wyth thi laa hase made him leyce, Butte him is lothe to be in pece. And thou was aye curtase    And prins of ich play. Wold thou here a stowunde bide, A nother course wold I ride; This that hoves by my side,    In wedde I wold hur lay." Thenne unsquarut Gauan, Sayd godely agayn, "I am wundur fayn    For hur for to fighte." These knyghtus kithun thayre gere And aythir gripus a spere; Runnun togedur on werre    Os hardy and wighte. So somen ther thay yode That Gauan bare him from his stede, That both his brees con blede    On growunde qwen he lighte. Thenne Kay con on him calle And sayd, "Sir, thou hade a falle, And thi wench lost wythalle,    Mi trauthe I the plighte!" Quod Kay, "Thi leve hase thou loste For all thi brag or thi boste; If thou have oghte on hur coste,    I telle hit for tente." Thenne speke Gauan to Kay, "A mons happe is notte ay; Is none so sekur of asay    Butte he may harmes hente." Gauan rydus to him ryghte And toke uppe the tother knyghte That was dilfully dyghte    And stonet in that stynte. Kay wurdus tenut him mare Thenne all the harmes that he hente thare; He sayd, "And we allone ware,    This stryf schuld I stynte." "Ye, hardely," quod Kay; "Butte thou hast lost thi fayre may And thi liffe, I dar lay."    Thus talkes he him tille. And Gauan sayd, "God forbede, For he is dughti in dede." Prayes the knyghte gud spede    To take hit to none ille If Kay speke wurdes kene. "Take thou this damesell schene; Lede hur to Gaynour the Quene,    This forward to fulfille; And say that Gawan, hur knyghte, Sende hur this byurde brighte; And rawunsun the anon righte    Atte hur awne wille." Therto grawuntus the knyghte And truly his trauthe plighte, Inne saveward that byurde bryghte    To Carlele to bringe. And as thay hovet and abode, He squere on the squrd brode. Be he his othe hade made,    Thenne waknut the King. Thenne the day beganne to daw; The Kinge his bugull con blaw; His knyghtus couth hitte welle knaw,    Hit was a sekur thinge. Sethun thay busket hom yare, Sqwith, wythowtun any mare, To wete the Kingus welefare,    Wythowtun letting.    PRIMUS PASSUS To the forest thay take the way - Bothe Gawan and Kay, Menealfe, and the fare may    Comun to the Kinge. The bore brittunt thay funde, Was colurt of the Kingus hande; If he wore lord of that londe,    He hade no horsing. Downe thay take that birde bryghte, Sette hur one, behinde the knyghte; Hur horse for the King was dyghte,    Wythoutun letting; Gave Kay the venesun to lede, And hiet hamward, gode spede; Bothe the birde and the brede    To Carlele thay bringe. Now as thay rode atte the way, The Kynge himselvun con say Bothe to Gauan and to Kay,    "Quere wan ye this wighte?" Thenne Kay to the King spake; He sayd, "Sir, in the forest as I con wake Atte the anturis hoke,    Ther mette me this knyghte. Ther togedur faghte we Be chesun of this Lady fre; On werre hase he thus wonun me,    Wyth mayn and wyth myghte. And Gawan hase my rawunsun made For a course that he rode And felle him in the fild brode;    He wanne this biurde bryghte. "He toke him there to presunnere" - Then loghe that damesell dere And lovet wyth a mylde chere    God and Sir Gawan. Thenne sayd the King opon highte, All sqwithe to the knyghte, "Quat is thi rawunsun, opon ryghte?    The soth thou me sayn." The tothir unsquarut him wyth skille, "I conne notte say the thertille: Hit is atte the Quene wille;    Qwi schuld I layne? Bothe my dethe and my lyfe Is inne the wille of thi wife, Quethur ho wulle stynte me of my strife    Or putte me to payne." "Grete God," quod the King, "Gif Gawan gode endinge, For he is sekur in alle kynne thinge,    To cowuntur wyth a knyghte! Of all playus he berus the prise, Loos of ther ladise. Menealfe, and thou be wise,    Hold that thou beheghte, And I schall helpe that I maye," The King himselvun con saye. To Carlele thay take the waye,    And inne the courte is lighte. He toke this damesell gente; Before the Quene is he wente, And sayd, "Medame, I am hedur sente    Fro Gawan, your knyghte." He sayd, "Medame, Gawan, your knyghte, On werre hase wonun me tonyghte, Be chesun of this birde brighte;    Mi pride conne he spille, And gerut me squere squyftely To bringe the this Lady And my nowne body,    To do hit in thi wille. And I have done as he me bade." Now quod the Quene, "And I am glad. Sethun thou art in my wille stade,    To spare or to spille, I giffe the to my Lord the Kinge - For he hase mestur of such a thinge, Of knyghtus in a cowunturinge -    This forward to fullfille." Now the Quene sayd, "God almyghte, Save me Gawan, my knyghte, That thus for wemen con fighte -    Fro wothus him were!" Gawan sayd, "Medame, as God me spede, He is dughti of dede, A blithe burne on a stede,    And grayth in his gere." Thenne thay fochet furth a boke, All thayre laes for to loke; The Kinge sone his othe toke    And squithely gerut him squere; And sekirly, wythouten fabull, Thus dwellus he atte the Rowun Tabull, As prest knyghte and priveabull,    Wyth schild and wyth spere. Nowe gode frindus ar thay. Then carpus Sir Kay - To the King con he say:    "Sire, a mervaell thinke me Of Bowdewyns avouyng, Yusturevyn in the evnyng, Wythowtun any lettyng,    Wele more thenne we thre." Quod the King, "Sothe to sayn, I kepe no lengur for to layn: I wold wete wundur fayn    How best myghte be." Quod Kay, "And ye wold gif me leve, And sithun take hit o no greve, Now schuld I propurly preve,    As evyr myghte I thee!" "Yisse," quod the King, "on that comande, That o payn on life and on londe That ye do him no wrunge,    Butte save wele my knyghte. As men monly him mete, And sithun forsette him the strete: Ye fynde him noghte on his fete!    Be warre, for he is wyghte. For he is horsutte full wele And clene clad in stele; Is none of yo but that he mun fele    That he may on lyghte. Ye wynnun him noghte owte of his way," The King himselvun con say; "Him is lefe, I dar lay,    To hald that he heghte." Thenne sex ar atte on assente, Hase armut hom and furthe wente, Brayd owte aure a bente    Bawdewyn to mete, Wyth scharpe weppun and schene, Gay gowuns of grene To hold thayre armur clene,    And were hitte fro the wete. Thre was sette on ich side To werne him the wayus wide - Quere the knyghte schuld furth ride,    Forsette hym the strete. Wyth copus covert thay hom thenne, Ryghte as thay hade bene uncowthe men, For that thay wold noghte be kennet -    Evyn downe to thayre fete. Now as thay hovut and thay hyild, Thay se a schene undur schild Come prekand fast aure the filde    On a fayre stede; Wele armut, and dyghte As freke redy to fyghte, Toward Carlele ryghte    He hies gode spede. He see ther sixe in his way; Thenne to thaymselvun con thay say, "Now he is ferd, I dar lay,    And of his lyfe adrede." Then Kay crius opon heghte, All squyth to the knyghte: "Othir flee or fighte:    The tone behovus the nede!" Thenne thay kest thayre copus hom fro. Sir Bawdewyn se that hit wasse so, And sayd, "And ye were als mony mo,    Ye gerutte me notte to flee. I have my ways for to weynde For to speke wyth a frynde; As ye ar herdmen hinde -    Ye marre notte me!" Thenne the sex sembult hom in fere And squere by Him that boghte us dere, "Thou passus nevyr away here    Butte gif thou dede be!" "Yisse, hardely," quod Kay, "He may take anothir way - And ther schall no mon do nere say    That schall greve the!" "Gode the foryilde," quod the knyghte, "For I am in my wais righte; Yisturevyn I the King highte    To cumme to my mete. I warne yo, frekes, be ye bold, My ryghte ways wille I holde!" A spere in fewtre he folde,    A gode and a grete. Kay stode nexte him in his way: He jopput him aure on his play; That hevy horse on him lay -    He squonet in that squete. He rode to there othir fyve: Thayre schene schildus con he rive, And faure felle he belyve,    In hie in that hete. Hardely wythouten delay, The sex to hom hase takyn uppe Kay; And thenne Sir Bawdewin con say,    "Will ye any more?" The tother unsquarutte him thertille, Sayd, "Thou may weynd quere thou wille, For thou hase done us noghte butte skille,    Gif we be wowundut sore." He brayd aure to the Kinge, Wythowtun any letting; He asshed if he hade herd any tithing    In thayre holtus hore. The knyghte stedit and stode; Sayd, "Sir, as I come thro yondur wode, I herd ne se butte gode    Quere I schuld furthe fare." Thanne was the Kinge amervaylet thare That he wold telle him no more. Als squithur thay ar yare,    To Masse ar thay wente. By the Masse wasse done, Kay come home sone, Told the King before none,    "We ar all schente Of Sir Baudewyn, your knyghte: He is nobull in the fighte, Bold, hardy, and wighte    To bide on a bente. Fle wille he nevyr more: Him is much levyr dee thore. I may banne hur that him bore,    Suche harmes have I hente!" Noue the King sayd, "Fle he ne can, Ne werne his mete to no man; Gife any buirne schuld him ban,    A mervail hit ware." Thenne the King cald his mynstrelle And told him holly his wille: Bede him layne atte hit were stille,    That he schuld furth fare To Baudewins of Bretan: "I cummawunde the, or thou cum agayne, Faurty days, o payne,    Loke that thou duelle there, And wete me prevely to say If any mon go meteles away; For thi wareson for ay,    Do thou me nevyr more." Then the mynstrell weyndus on his way Als fast as he may. Be none of the thryd day,    He funde thaym atte the mete, The Lady and hur mené And gestus grete plenté. Butte porter none funde he    To werne him the gate; Butte rayket into the halle Emunge the grete and the smalle, And loket aboute him aure alle.    He herd of no threte, Butte riall servys and fyne: In bollus birlutte thay the wyne, And cocus in the kechine    Squytheli con squete. Then the Ladi conne he loute, And the biurdes all aboute; Both wythinne and wythoute,    No faute he ther fonde. Knygte, squyer, yoman, ne knave, Hom lacket noghte that thay schuld have; Thay nedut notte aftur hit to crave:    Hit come to hor honde. Thenne he wente to the dece, Before the pruddust in prece. That Lady was curtase,    And bede him stille stonde. He sayd he was knoun and couthe, And was comun fro bi southe, And ho had myrth of his mouthe,    To here his tithand. A sennyght duellut he thare. Ther was no spense for to spare: Burdes thay were nevyr bare,    Butte evyr covurt clene. Bothe knyghte and squiere, Mynstrelle and messyngere, Pilgreme and palmere    Was welcum, I wene. Ther was plenty of fode: Pore men hade thayre gode, Mete and drinke or thay yode,    To wete wythoutyn wene. The lord lenge wold noghte, Butte come home qwen him gode thoghte, And both he hase wyth him broghte    The Kinge and the Quene.    A FITTE Now ther come fro the kechine Riall service and fine; Ther was no wonting of wine    To lasse ne to mare. Thay hade atte thayre sopere Riche metes and dere. The King, wyth a blythe chere,    Bade hom sle care. Than sayd the Kinge opon highte, All sqwithe to the knyghte: "Such a service on a nyghte    Se I nevyr are." Thenne Bawdewyn smylit and on him logh; Sayd, "Sir, God hase a gud plughe! He may send us all enughe:    Qwy schuld we spare?" "Now I cummawunde the," quod the King, "Tomorne in the mornyng That thou weynde on huntyng,    To wynne us the dere. Fare furthe to the fenne; Take wyth the howundus and men, For thou conne hom best kenne:    Thou knoes best here. For all day tomorne will I bide, And no forthir will I ride, Butte wyth the ladés of pride    To make me gud chere." To bed bownut thay that nyghte, And atte the morun, atte days lighte, Thay blew hornys opon highte    And ferd furthe in fere. Thenne the Kynge cald his huntere, And sayd, "Felaw, come here!" The tother, wyth a blithe chere,    Knelet on his kne: Dowun to the Kinge con he lowte. "I commawunde the to be all nyghte oute; Bawdewyn, that is sturun and stowte,    Wyth the schall he be. Erly in the dawyng Loke that ye come fro huntyng; If ye no venesun bring,    Full litill rechs me." The tother unsquarut him thertille, Sayd, "Sir, that is atte your aune wille: That hald I resun and skille,    As evyr myghte I the." And atte evyn the King con him dyghte And callut to him a knyghte; And to the chambur full ryghte    He hiees gode waye Qwere the Lady of the howse And maydyns ful beuteowse Were, curtase and curiowse,    Forsothe in bed lay. The Kyng bede, "Undo!" The Lady asshes, "Querto?" He sayd, "I am comun here, loe,    In derne for to play." Ho sayd, "Have ye notte your aune Quene here, And I my lord to my fere? Tonyghte more neghe ye me nere,    In fayth, gif I may!" "Undo the dur," quod the Kinge, "For bi Him that made all thinge, Thou schall have no harmynge    Butte in thi none wille." Uppe rose a damesell squete, In the Kinge that ho lete. He sette him downe on hur beddus fete,    And talkes so hur tille, Sayd, "Medame, my knyghte Mun lye wyth the all nyghte Til tomorne atte days lighte -    Take hit on non ille. For als evyr myghte I the, Thou schall harmeles be: We do hit for a wedde fee,    The stryve for to stylle." Thenne the Kyng sayd to his knyghte, "Sone that thou were undyghte, And in yondur bedde ryghte!    Hie the gud spede!" The knyghte did as he him bade, And qwenne ho se him unclad, Then the Lady wex drede,    Worlyke in wede. He sayd, "Lye downe prevely hur by, Butte neghe noghte thou that Lady; For and thou do, thou schall dey    For thi derfe dede; Ne noghte so hardy thou stur, Ne onus turne the to hur." The tother sayd, "Nay, sur!"    For him hade he drede. Thenne the Kyng asshet a chekkere, And cald a damesel dere; Downe thay sette hom in fere    Opon the bedsyde. Torches was ther mony lighte, And laumpus brennyng full bryghte; Butte notte so hardy was that knyghte    His hede onus to hide. Butte fro thay began to play Quyle on the morun that hit was day, Evyr he lokette as he lay,    Baudewynne to byde. And erly in the dawyng Come thay home from huntyng, And hertis conne thay home bring,    And buckes of pride. Thay toke this venesun fyne And hade hit to kechine; The Kinge sende aftur Bawdewine,    And bede him cum see. To the chaumbur he takes the way: He fyndus the King atte his play; A knyghte in his bedde lay    Wyth his Lady. Thenne sayd the King opon highte, "Tonyghte myssutte I my knyghte, And hithir folut I him ryghte.    Here funden is hee; And here I held hom bothe stille For to do hom in thi wille. And gif thou take hit now till ille,    No selcouthe thinge me!" Then the King asshed, "Art thou wroth?" "Nay, Sir," he sayd, "wythouten othe, Ne wille the Lady no lothe.    I telle yo as quy - For hitte was atte hur awen wille: Els thurt no mon comun hur tille. And gif I take hitte thenne to ille,    Muche maugreve have I. For mony wyntur togedur we have bene, And yette ho dyd me nevyr no tene: And ich syn schall be sene    And sette full sorely." The King sayd, "And I hade thoghte Quy that thou wrathis the noghte, And fyndus him in bed broghte    By thi Laydy." Quod Bawdewyn, "And ye will sitte, I schall do yo wele to witte." "Yisse!" quod the King, "I the hete,    And thou will noghte layne." "Hit befelle in your fadur tyme, That was the Kyng of Costantyne, Purvayed a grete oste and a fyne    And wente into Spayne. We werrut on a sawdan And all his londus we wan, And himselvun, or we blan.    Then were we full fayn. I wos so lufd wyth the King, He gaf me to my leding - Lordus atte my bidding    Was buxum and bayne. "He gafe me a castell to gete, Wyth all the lordschippus grete. I hade men atte my mete,    Fyve hundryth and mo, And no wemen butte thre, That owre servandis schild be. One was bryghtur of ble    Then ther othir toe. Toe were atte one assente: The thrid felow have thay hente; Unto a well ar thay wente,    And says hur allso: 'Sithin all the loce in the lise, Thou schall tyne thine aprise.' And wurchun as the unwise,    And tite conne hur sloe. "And for tho werkes were we wo, Gart threte tho othir for to slo. Thenne sayd the tone of tho,    'Lette us have oure life, And we schall atte your bidding be As mycull as we all thre; Is none of yaw in preveté    Schall have wontyng of wyfe.' Thay held us wele that thay heghte, And dighte us on the daylighte, And thayre body uch nyghte,    Wythoutun any stryve. The tone was more lovely That the tother hade envy: Hur throte in sundur prevely    Ho cutte hitte wyth a knyfe. "Muche besenes hade we How that best myghte be; Thay asshed cowuncell atte me    To do hur to dede. And I unsquarut and sayd, 'Nay! Loke furst qwatt hurselvun will say, Quether ho may serve us all to pay;    That is a bettur rede.' Ther ho hette us in that halle To do all that a woman schild fall, Wele for to serve us all    That stode in that stede. Ho held us wele that ho heghte, And dighte us on the daylighte, And hur body ich nyghte    Intill oure bed beed. "And bi this tale I understode, Wemen that is of mylde mode And syne giffes hom to gode,    Mecull may ho mende; And tho that giffus hom to the ille, And sithin thayre folis will fullfill, I telle yo wele, be propur skille,    No luffe will inne hom lende. Wyth gode wille grathely hom gete,2 Meke and mylde atte hor mete, And thryvandly, wythoutun threte,    Joy atte iche ende. Forthi jelius schall I never be For no sighte that I see, Ne no biurdes brighte of ble;    Ich ertheli thinke hase ende." The King sayd, "Thou says wele. Sir," he sayd, "as have I sele, I will thou wote hit iche dele.    Therfore come I, Thi Lady gret me to squere squyftelé, Or I myghte gete entré, That ho schuld harmeles be,    And all hur cumpany. Then gerut I my knyghte To go in bed wyth the biurde bryghte, On the fur syde of the lighte,    And lay hur dowun by. I sette me doune hom besyde, Here the for to abide; He neghit nevyr no naked syde    Of thi Lady. "Forthi, of jelusnes, be thou bold,3 Thine avow may thou hold. Butte of tho othir thinges that thou me told    I wold wete more: Quy thou dredus notte thi dede Ne non that bitus on thi brede? As evyr brok I my hede,    Thi yatis are evyr yare!" Quod Bawdewyn, "I schall yo telle: Atte the same castell Quere this antur befelle,    Besegitte we ware. On a day we usshet oute And toke presonerus stoute; The tone of owre feloys hade doute,    And durst notte furthe fare. "The caytef crope into a tunne That was sette therowte in the sunne. And there come fliand a gunne,    And lemet as the levyn, Lyghte opon hitte, atte the last, That was fastnut so fast; All in sundur hit brast,    In six or in sevyn. And there hit sluye him als - And his hert was so fals! Sone the hed fro the hals,    Hit lyputt full evyn. And we come fro the feghting Sowunde, wythoutun hurting, And then we lovyd the King    That heghhest was in hevyn. "Then owre feloys con say, 'Schall no mon dee or his day, Butte he cast himselfe away    Throgh wontyng of witte.' And there myne avow made I - So dyd all that cumpany - For dede nevyr to be drery:    Welcum is hit - Hit is a kyndely thing." "Thou says soth," quod the King, "Butte of thi thryd avowyng    Telle me quych is hit, Quy thi mete thou will notte warne To no levand barne?" "Ther is no man that may hit tharne -    Lord, ye schall wele wete. "For the sege aboute us lay stille; We hade notte all atte oure wille4 Mete and drinke us to fille:    Us wontutte the fode. So come in a messyngere, Bade, 'Yild uppe all that is here!' And speke wyth a sturun schere5    'I nyll, by the Rode!' I gerutte him bide to none, Callud the stuard sone, Told him all as he schuld done,    As counsell is gud; Gerutte trumpe on the wall, And coverd burdes in the hall; And I myself emunge hom all    As a king stode. "I gerut hom wasshe; to mete wente. Aftur the stuard then I sente: I bede that he schuld take entente    That all schuld well fare - Bede bringe bred plenté, And wine in bollus of tre, That no wontyng schuld be    To lasse ne to mare. We hade no mete butte for on day - Hit come in a nobull aray. The messyngere lokit ay    And se hom sle care. He toke his leve atte mete. We gerutte him drinke atte the gate, And gafe him giftus grete,    And furthe con he fare. "But quen the messyngere was gone, These officers ichone To me made thay grete mone,    And drerely con say - Sayd, 'In this howse is no bred, No quyte wine nyf red; Yo behoves yild uppe this stid    And for oure lyvys pray.' Yette God helpus ay his man! The messyngere come agayn than Wythoute to the chevytan,    And sone conne he say: 'Thoghe ye sege this sevyn yere, Castell gete ye none here, For thay make als mury chere    Als hit were Yole Day!' "Then the messyngere con say, 'I rede yo, hie yo hethin away, For in your oste is no play,    Butte hongur and thurst.' Thenne the king con his knyghtis calle. Sethin to cowunsell wente thay all - 'Sythin no bettur may befall,    This hald I the best.' Evyn atte the mydnyghte, Hor lordis sembelet to a syghte, That were hardy and wighte:    Thay remuyt of hor rest. Mete laynes mony lakke: And there mete hor sege brake, And gerut hom to giffe us the bake;    To preke thay were full preste. "And then we lokit were thay lay And see oure enmeys away. And then oure felawis con say,    The lasse and the mare, 'He that gode may gete And wernys men of his mete, Gud Gode that is grete    Gif him sory care! For the mete of the messyngere, Hit mendutte all oure chere."' Then sayd the King, that thay myghte here,    And sqwythely con square, "In the conne we fynde no fabull; Thine avowes arne profetabull." And thus recordus the Rownde Tabull,    The lasse and the more. Thenne the Kinge and his knyghtis all, Thay madun myrthe in that halle. And then the Lady conne thay calle,    The fayrist to fold; Sayde Bawdewyn, "And thou be wise, Take thou this Lady of price - For muche love in hur lyce -    To thine hert hold. Ho is a biurde full bryghte, And therto semely to thy sighte. And thou hase holdin all that thou highte,    As a knighte schulde!" Now Jhesu Lord, Hevyn Kynge, He graunt us all His blessynge, And gife us all gode endinge,    That made us on the mulde. Amen.

earth; (see note) shaped the firmament; (see note) would Give them; hear doughty; fierce elders lived contradiction hand Wise; wary; (see note) powerful weapons did bear staunchly fantasy You know well ready; worthy high esteem Paragons (see note) expertly hardy; (see note) go; (see note) buck; boar hart breeds; woods Carlisle; stopped; (see note) comes one day very formidable boar frightening boar Such a one saw; before caused; great them; cunningly fighting; fiercely Dared linger; vicinity; (see note) lost much of my other equipment may; blows; wound; (see note) Nor cause hugely He destroys all that he has encountered; (see note) broad wood moves about; (see note) higher ugly creature he lacks When In addition; bear Faint; scare off; (see note) blows him harm bring When he whets; tusks tears; breaks root; disturbed hateful force; (see note) tusk Who dares endure from him attack Indeed; strong Inglewood Forest other commands Fiendish creature If summoned fourth troop Go (see note) keeper Readied themselves quickly armed himself in haste those three knights [are] by him; (see note) four; (see note) did they go traveled Who were; gracious (see note) bugle did [And] released dogs; knew how Without fail they headed Dogs [yelping] in a pack Discovered the track Quickly were on to him there When; took fright his den did struck them down cunningly fighting; fiercely understand; clearly felt; fear cornered; lair slashed hounds stripped them of comfort; (see note) dogs came running up to him; (see note) brought him to bay Dared; fiend attack Beware of him there You; seek at once; go who performs You; seek set my head; stake; (see note) If he doesn't flay; four grisly ghost called; Gawain bold (see note) Fiend to assay [I vow] to butcher him and bring him down If; keep my life From now until tomorrow morning Each one; (see note) agreed answered in return at; (see note) watch over it; (see note) (see note) [throughout]; before [And] whoever denies; (see note) To fight him to the death make end to; contest; (see note) jealous attractive woman Nor to deny; person; food When; goods; possess fear; threat; (see note) Neither; nor now that made themselves ready promised Each in a different boar; (see note) without further ado; (see note) lake did he go; (see note) watch; until may relate As his way (home) lay; (see note) then; goes speak; those other three pledge truth; (see note) natural did To; did take his course; (see note) protective skin Followed them; field injured them quickly; (see note) called out as a hunter bold [He] remained on horseback Against; charged saw; before caused; be afraid worry [the boar]; fierce; strong roar; growl opens his mouth; bares teeth lair see clearly Because of ripped; bones tusks; whet attack tosses aside; pause Branches fury; root rips; root tusks; three feet growls grasps; (see note) to encounter strokes; wound strong; protective skin; (see note) spear-shaft splinters horse field Just as; meant blow Before; get hold forever feel it; (see note) stunned stone dead [The King] stirred; saddle; (see note) favor; prayed; (see note) From sorrows; protect straightened himself agilely gained From harm to protect him; (see note) bold Drew; sword raised; on high destroyed Then he readied himself quickly Right away; more [delay]; (see note) fiend; go hideous; pelt (hair) clashed Despite; wield tore apart [Which] over his breast; did kneels God; gracious (see note) harries furious became; swine; (see note) Snorted; raised; eyebrows furnace (kiln) or kitchen; (see note) foully he reeks (smells) could [the boar] leaned himself over by nearly undone was [the King] or fumes [the boar] came near to an oak struck brows did darken prowess [the king] shows blows; doughty (see note) sword met; straight on (coming) Against his sword; up to quickly drove [the sword] in [The boar]; encounter; (see note) dodder; stagger Since (as); caught great harm pain sinks butcher; eager; (see note) divided (sundered); moment shoulder quarters was expert in hunting lore [He] collared; properly; (see note) bold beast Then cuts up; beast slain deer strips and slices; (see note) hangs on an oak [the Virgin Mary]; gracious; (see note) help; (see note) Son's Not only was he; valley desolate accompany Completely worn out; slides fulfilled; (see note) speak fared with regard to his prowess; (see note) As; through Leading a beautiful woman; (see note) She wept; sorrowfully; (see note) She; May Saint Mary help me for me grant; deed she speaks; to Until; desire; (see note) quietly wood lingers galloped; rapidly overtook; quickly did call openly upbraids him Renegade challenge By reason; lovely woman; (see note) offer; gloves (throw down the gauntlet) other answered; in proper form; (see note) (see note) challenge is proper for me; (see note) from where whither proper; tell Where captured; person in turn; (see note) to be concealed (see note) father was named (of) this Lady something; you captured; (see note) Where; friends; did; defeat; (see note) In such ways I talked to them (egged them on); (see note) against won; person undertake By reason; woman's do you harm; (see note) on the spot did swear his word jousted bold men Radiant in her gown struck; fiercely Understand; clearly [Menealfe] splintered [Kay's] over; caused; fall knocked captured; by laws of war (see note) destroyed much; equipment; (see note) lost because of the defeat answered Awaits most worthy on dais (among other knights) thither be bound Before; go delay promise you tilt (course) with But; before regretted; haste traveled; Tarn (lake); (see note) burgeoning thorn tree; (see note) eagerly; (see note) [Gawain] asks, "Who; (see note) whom at the wrong times boasts and brags Unless; release; courtesy; (see note) I am dead Leading a beautiful woman She fought For the sake of In combat; captured Though [to] me hateful it were honorable as prisoner must by your leave answered agreeably in return most gladly What; do (to proceed) When; armed; gear with him; joust you not at all hurt asks, "Is that right?" (see note) [Gawain] Whatever happens; (see note) demonstrate their [knightly] prowess; (see note) each one; (see note) large as a beam charged So (fiercely) did they charge together; (see note) neither escaped at all If blows caused; dodder [Gawain] struck; grievously Quickly he passed out there; (see note) horse; carried Knew; in what direction You got what you asked for completely paid; (see note) If you [Menealfe]; wouldn't care This is what I came for rides; directly [Gawain] straightened him upright So that he might speak Off Let low Rescued swordplay; free Although to him it is hateful; peace were unfailingly courteous chief in each combat [If]; short time wait second This [woman] who remains As pledge; offer answered agreeably in turn glad readied; (see note) (see note) As; powerful [violently] together; went; (see note) thrust; (see note) brows did bleed when he landed (see note) [you have] lost in addition My trowth I pledge to you beloved spent consider; as lost; (see note) good fortune; everlasting sure of mettle receive directly sorrowfully dealt with stunned at that break (in combat) words grieved him more Than; mischance; received; (see note) If spleen; stop scarcely maiden life; wager bold [He]; with good wishes without offense sharp beautiful Guenevere compact her beautiful woman yourself forthwith (Guenevere's) own agrees troth pledges As safeguard stood; waited swore; sword Just at the moment awakened dawn did could it easily recognize a sure thing; (see note) Then; hastened quickly Immediately; more [time] ascertain delay [End of] First Part; (see note) fair woman Came butchered; (see note) carved by; (see note) Even though he were mount lovely woman her upon [horseback] made ready delay meat to take charge of; (see note) hastened homeward, happily woman; meat; (see note) on did Where won; person watch marvelous oak; (see note) fought reason In just combat; defeated; (see note) joust woman as prisoner laughed praised; (see note) aloud quickly What; lawfully truth; to me; (see note) answered tell you about that Why; lie Whether she; make an end set me some penalty Give; happy trustworthy; kinds of enter combat encounters; takes; honor; (see note) Praise; these; (see note) if what; have promised insofar as [the company] arrived [Menealfe]; noble; (see note) hither defeated; (see note) For the sake of did; undo caused; swear swiftly you my own submit Since; placed save; dispose of give sovereignty over combat compact for me Who; women does From harm protect him [Menealfe] warrior on horseback accomplished fetched laws (customs); review administered; (see note) right away caused him to swear surely, without lie ready; worthy; (see note) friends; (see note) says wonder it seems to me vow Yesterday Without lie Even allow [it]; to [be] concealed know gladly [The nature of the oath] as fully as possible; (see note) If you; give; permission after; not in insult positively show prosper provision; (see note) on pain of (see note) As knights manly (chivalrously); accost then bar the road feet (i.e., he will mount and challenge) powerful well-horsed armor you [excepted]; (may not) overcome; (see note) Whom; light upon drive him not from his course To him it is precious; bet hold to what he promised six are together in one compact armed themselves Set out over a field encounter bright robes; (see note) To keep; unstained protect it; wet (weather) Three; each To deny [Baldwin]; roads Bar capes they covered themselves unknown (of no renown) recognized lingered; hid [themselves] bright [knight] armed; (see note) galloping; over; (see note) equipped warrior directly hastens with saw those six did frightened; bet for; worries; (see note) aloud Right away Either One of these you must needs do threw; capes from them it was (as Kay said) as many more [again] would not have caused me travel friend boorish shepherds; (see note) may not harm me gathered themselves together swore passes; through Except if Yes, indeed choose And in that case; nor [Anything] reward you; [Baldwin] proper promised for dinner you, fighters, even if you are its socket (for jousting); places; (see note) toppled; over with his thrust [Kay] swooned; struggle those handsome; did he shred four overcame; quickly In haste; heat (mêlée); (see note) With scarcely any pause six to themselves (see note) Do you want any more other (sixth) answered go where shown toward us; except mastery Although [Baldwin] hastened over hindrance [The king] asked; news woods bare paused came [neither] heard nor saw go forth astonished As soon as; ready; (see note) did they go By [the time] in early afternoon; (see note) done in By powerful deal with on the battlefield To him; preferable to die there curse her received Now; Flee; (see note) deny; food If; fighter; curse; (see note) it were completely his wish Bid him dissemble so that it were secret Baldwin's [manor] command; before; return; (see note) Forty; upon penalty See; (see note) inform; secretly without food To ensure your well-being always; (see note) for me nothing more [than this] none (about 3 p.m.) at table household guests in great number met turn him away he proceeded Among overall (all around) constraint royal service bowls poured cooks Readily did sweat did he bow to women To them [there] lacked to make request to their hand [unbidden] dais most noble in the group renowned and celebrated the south she; joy tales A week stayed luxury Boards (tables) covered completely [with food] messenger wayfarer understand goods for themselves went off again To understand; doubt [Baldwin] linger [at Arthur's court] when [to] him good [it] seemed Segment [i.e., end of second section] kitchen; (see note) Royal lack lower; greater [in rank] glad look them slay anxiety aloud Right away on a single night    Saw; before laughed to himself; (see note) plow [i.e., God provides well] Why command; (see note) go take for us Go directly; wilderness can best appraise them; (see note) know; (in your own home) await noble ladies went off out loud went; together huntsman That one; good will Kneeled did; bow out (on the hunt) bold and hardy you At daybreak does it trouble me; (see note) answered; in return as you wish proper and right prosper did make himself ready directly hastens along Where (see note) [who] courteous and attentive Open the door; (see note) asks, "For whom?" In secret to make love She; own as my mate nearer to me you should not be; (see note) if door; (see note) (see note) But [all will be] at your own will sweet So that she might let in the King in this way to her (see note) Must lie with you in no bad way thrive (i.e., on my life) blameless bet contest; put an end to [I command] immediately; undressed Hasten with all speed when she saw Excellent among women (lit., "in clothes") close by her touch not if; die grievous; (see note) Nor be so bold that you become aroused Nor once make advances Of him; awe called for a chessboard themselves together lighted once to get under the bedclothes from the time Until; when it was daylight watched out await did outstanding; (see note) had it brought (see note) playing chess aloud missed trailed; directly discovered in their places with them according to if; badly (i.e., as an insult) wonder [it would seem to] asked; angry wish; any injury; (see note) the reason why by her own Otherwise no man would dare; to her dishonor incur; (see note) she; injury For each offense must be examined; (see note) established; solemnly Yet; curiosity [To know] why you are not angry If; tarry; (see note) make you understand fully promise you If; dissemble time of your fathers (ancestors) by the name of; (see note) Assembled; army made war; sultan captured before we left off glad honored by a command; (see note) Knights ready and eager hold attached rights of lordship in my household should handsomer in looks those; two Two were of a single will third companion; seized did they go as follows praise in you lies lose your renown [they] acted foolishly quickly did her slay because of those acts; aggrieved [And] made a threat; to put to death the one; (see note) (see note) be at your pleasure As much; [were before] None of you in the privacy of your bed sexual deprivation carried out for us; promised served [gave] each; (see note) complaint The one So that asunder in secret She; it; (see note) Many pains be resolved asked advice To put her to death answered what she herself Whether she; with satisfaction plan promised; (see note) be proper to; (see note) (see note) place She performed for us; promised served each night; (see note) [she] offered pleasant disposition then occupy themselves with Much; she improve; (see note) those; occupy themselves then; faults; carry out with full assurance linger; (see note) (see note) happily; without distress; (see note) [There will be] joy at all events; (see note) Therefore jealous; (see note) Nor for no woman with good looks Each; thing good luck I wish you to understand each detail Then, [when] I came implored; swear immediately Before untouched (see note) made woman; (see note) (i.e., a distance from her); (see note) beside her them you to await got near; (see note) (see note) know Why; fear; death; (see note) Nor none who eat; (see note) As ever I keep my head (i.e., on my life); (see note) Your gates; ready [for guests] (see note) Where this adventure Beseiged One day; issued one; companions became fearful; (see note) forth coward crept; barrel outside flying a missile gleamed; lightning [And] landed on it closed up killed; as well Immediately; neck jumped right off Uninjured praised companions did die before Except; throw lack; (see note) resolution death; anxious    It; natural how is it Why; food; deny living person lose (miss the point); (see note) understand siege; remained yet For us food was lacking (see note) [And] commanded, "Yield had him wait till afternoon [I]; steward immediately that he should do [I] staged a fanfare had tables set among them had them wash up; to the meal [we] went commanded; care eat well roast meat wood lack less food; one; (see note) came (was served) was ever watchful; (see note) saw them put care aside at (after) the meal; (see note) insisted he did; go when each one complaint gloomily did white; nor; (see note) You must yield; castle lives always returned then Outside to his captain immediately did lay siege (see note) as merry festivity; (see note) As if; Yule did advise; hasten you from here; (see note) your own army; abundance did; (see note) Then; (see note) [He said] Since nothing better may come; (see note) This [course] Just Their; assembled at a place; (see note) Who; powerful moved from their resting place Food covers over many a lack; (see note) broke down their siege caused them to turn their backs on us To gallop off; eager where they had been did who goods may possess denies feeding made better; outlook; (see note) vehemently did swear; (see note) In you do we; falsehood well taken bears witness; (see note) (see note) (see note) did embrace [The King] said [to]; If; (see note) worthy lies; (see note) bind [her] She; woman; handsome carried out; promised; (see note) [May] He; (see note) (see note) earth; (see note)